Category: Essays

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Crime and Criminology

Criminology studies criminal behavior in society. Criminal behavior is behavior that breaks criminal codes established by our society. In a well-constructed, one page essay (500+ words), discuss the origin, evolution, and modern day criminal law from the Code of Hammurabi to the current separation of misdemeanors and felonies. What do you see for the future of criminal law?

(NOTE: A “well-constructed” essay will be in complete sentences and paragraphs. It will be structured to include an introduction, body, and conclusion. While APA references and citations are not required for this course, they are strongly suggested since they will be required in future courses. Also, you must at least attempt to provide citation and reference information for any specific information that you use that is not your own thoughts in order to avoid plagiarism.)

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Assignment title REPORT 1 and REPORT 2
Purpose of this assignment
Students must demonstrate an understanding of organisational structure, organisational culture, different leadership styles, key motivation theories and the contribution of individuals and teams in the effective operation of two contrasting organisations.
Scenario
You have been instructed to write two reports (Task 1 and Task 2, respectively), both of which examine specific elements of organisations and culture, as covered by the Unit 3 assignment. You are required to apply the relevant theories you have identified to the two organisations featured in the Unit 3 Case Study, namely: City College and Enterprise Rent-a-Car.

• Task 1 addresses organisational structure and organisational culture.
• Taskt 2 covers leadership, motivation, team working and the benefits of technology

CASE STUDY for Unit 3
Company A: City College
City College was formed in 2002 as a private college in North West London. It is now part of City group plc. In 2012 city group had an estimated 2.5 million in revenue and employed over 200 staff. In 2010 City group was acquired by new owner ship through a private investor, named Mr Wakefield. City group PLC owns 19% of the private college market. The College is run by the Principal, Mr Wakefield.
City College operational functions can be split into three Departments:
• Teaching Department: Staff are involved with producing and delivering higher education courses that are designed to be inclusive to all learners from diverse backgrounds.
• Human Resource Department: This department is concerned with developing and maintaining the college’s workforce. City Colleges encourages employees to come up with good ideas, so these can be discussed, adapted and implemented throughout the business.
• Administration Department: responsible for student enrolment, publication of documents and instructional leaflets, finance and property management.

Conclusion
Organisations like City College are no longer mere small private colleges and provide many learning opportunities for many students. They are organisations that have serious objectives tied to a commitment to achieving them. City College is also dedicated to working with the local community. Working in a busy college environment like City College is varied. There are many departments that work together, e.g. an admin assistant working with the Human resource manager, who in turn works with a production controller.

Company B: Enterprise Rent-a-Car
Enterprise Rent-A-Car (Enterprise) employs more than 75,000 employees and operates a fleet of cars exceeding one million vehicles worldwide. It has become one of the foremost car-hire companies and is the largest purchaser of cars in the world. Jack Taylor founded the company in St Louis in 1957. The owner had a simple belief: ‘Take care of your customers and employees first and profits will follow.’
This case study focuses on leadership within Enterprise. It shows how its managers use a range of management and leadership styles to support Enterprise’s focus on customers.
• Enterprise does not sell a product. It provides a service – the use of a car. To deliver great service Enterprise needs well-trained and motivated staff. As the company grows, it opens new local offices and creates new opportunities for employees.
• Customers expect to be treated in a particular way by a service-orientated business. Enterprise uses its Enterprise Service Quality Index (ESQi) to measure the quality of service it provides. Satisfied customers will come back and give repeat business. They may also recommend the service to others.
• This leads to growth of the business and greater profitability.
Leaders are also managers. For example, an Enterprise General Manager leads a regional group of City Managers. City Managers are leaders of their front-line management employees. Andy Taylor, the current Chairman and Chief Executive Officer (CEO) of Enterprise, was a manager for his father Jack Taylor. He carried out the processes and systems his father set up. Today, Andy leads and manages the business. There are many different management styles. These styles influence how leaders communicate with employees. For example, Enterprise operates an ‘open door’ policy. This enables everybody within the organisation to have direct contact with senior managers.
Enterprise employs motivated individuals with the potential to become good leaders. When recruiting, Enterprise looks for leadership qualities in candidates. It considers leadership to be a core competence. It recognises that the skills and capabilities to lead others are essential for business growth. Recruits learn how to run parts of the business. The focus is on making decisions that improve customer service. General Managers are empowered to make decisions covering a region. Branch managers have the authority to deliver good customer service locally. Each local branch operates like a small business. Managers make decisions that support the needs of their customers. Front-line management trainees are encouraged to use the best management style to suit different customers. An autocratic style of leadership is when a leader makes a decision alone. The leader conveys the decision to staff and they have to work within the scope of that decision. For example, in order to deliver good customer service, managers instruct all staff to follow Enterprise’s guidelines for dealing with customers.

Conclusion
Management is about getting things done. Leadership is about achieving goals by creating a direction for a business and inspiring employees to take initiative and make the right decisions. Enterprise managers need the skills to motivate, lead and influence others. Enterprise aims to employ people who can take on a leadership role and help to grow the business for the longer term. Its management and training programmes help to provide employees with the skills necessary to lead others. This case study illustrates that within a business, there are leaders at different levels within the hierarchy. Depending upon the circumstances, leaders will use different leadership styles. By developing leaders who are able to make decisions at a local level, Enterprise can respond more closely to customer needs within a competitive service industry. Its high levels of customer service provide it with a competitive advantage over its rivals.

Motivation Theories
Douglas McGregor in 1960 used the terms Theory X and Theory Y to identify two very different forms of management style: • A Theory X manager tells employees what to do and supervises their work. This involves using strict controls within the business. This reflects an autocratic style. • In contrast, a Theory Y manager believes employees want to do well. The manager provides individuals with the opportunity to take control of their work. They can contribute towards solving a problem or issue. This helps motivate them to do better. Enterprise needs its employees to use their skills to deliver high levels of customer service. This means an autocratic management style is inappropriate in daily routines. A branch manager sets the standards for the team but encourages team members to be flexible and responsive to each customer. This ensures that customers get the service they expect. However, there are many examples of autocratic style in use at Enterprise. These relate to issues which affect the whole organisation or which are central to the business. For example: • Andy Taylor insisted all branches use ESQi, the customer satisfaction measure, because it met the business objective.
This independent approach enables Enterprise employees to have ownership of many of their activities. This acts as a motivator for staff. In 1943, Abraham Maslow, looking at motivation, identified a hierarchy of needs for individual employees. Everyone has needs for water, food, warmth and safety. These have to be met before a person can move on to fulfilling their higher needs. When employees are empowered to make decisions, this improves their sense of worth and self-esteem. It also helps them to use creative skills within their role and motivates them to perform better. Making decisions at a local level helps to meet customers’ needs and enables individuals to take a pride in their job. This recognises that employees are motivated by factors other than financial ones. These include praise, recognition or having more responsibility. Enterprise’s emphasis is on satisfying customers to grow the business. It also rewards hard work. To increase motivation, employees who achieve high levels of customer satisfaction have the opportunity of promotion. In addition, staff who performs well or who make the biggest improvement are recognised through the Enterprise newsletter or by membership of the Enterprise ‘Elite Club’. This reinforces self-esteem.

Task 1: LO1 (AC1.1, AC1.2, AC1.3)

Prepare a written report in which the learner is required to understand the relationship between organisational structure and culture. The report must address the following elements:
a) Compare and contrast different organisational structures and culture for two different organisations, City College and Enterprise Car Rental (read the “Case Study”, below). To achieve this task learners must be able to differentiate between tall and flat structures, long and short chains of command, and broad and narrow breadths of control. Learners must also be able to identify different types of organisational culture (reference Charles Handy and his four models) and be able to describe the three elements of Edgar Schein’s Iceberg Model. (AC 1.1)
b) Explain the relationship between an organisation’s structure and culture and the effects that both culture and structure haves on an organisation’s performance. Citing examples from the case study identify the effects that both culture and structure have on the performance of City College and Enterprise. (AC 1.2)
c) Evaluate the various factors that might influence the way individuals behave at work. Using different examples from the case study, discuss what you would identify as the influencing factors in the way staff at both City College and Enterprise behave, and assess the relative importance, to each organisation, of the factors you have identified. (AC 1.3)

Task 2: LO2 (AC2.1, AC2.2, AC2.3), LO3 (AC 3.1, AC 3.2, AC 3.3), LO4 (AC 4.1, AC 4.2, AC 4.3)
Write a report which identifies different leadership styles, motivation theories and the effectiveness of teamwork in organisations. Using information in the case study, compare how City College and Enterprise may use these factors to manage their respective organisations.
a) Compare the effectiveness of different leadership styles and consider how each style would impact on the two organisations.(AC 2.1)
b) Explain how organisational theory is linked to the style of management which is most likely to be practised in the two organisations.(AC 2.2)
c) From your understanding of the different approaches to management and leadership theories, explain which of these theories you think that both City and Enterprise have adopted. Evaluate the different approaches used by City College and Enterprise. You may include examples from other organisations to support your evaluation.(AC 2.3)
d) Discuss the impact that different leadership styles are likely to have on the behaviour of staff at City College and Enterprise. (AC 3.1)
e) Compare the application of the different motivational theories that City College and Enterprise might adopt and discuss what effect this would have on their respective workforces. (AC 3.2)
f) Evaluate how the management of both City College and Enterprise’s workforce could apply these motivation theories and practices and what, if any, benefits have the companies derived from their chosen motivation practices (AC 3.3)
g) Explain the nature of groups and group behaviour within the workforces of City College and Enterprise.
(AC 4.1)
h) Using the case study, identify the various factors that could make a team effective and also those factors that may be likely to threaten the success and effectiveness of a team. (AC 4.2)
i) Explain the role of technology in the success of a business that you know. In view of your argument, evaluate the impact of technology on the performance of City College and Enterprise. (AC 4.3)

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Scenario:
INTRODUCTION
The environment is a key subject that affects us all. Protection of the environment and the move towards sustainable development remains a responsibility that must be shared between the public, governments and the private sector. This case study examines the background to sustainable development, the environment and its protection. It also looks at how Nestlé S.A., the world’s leading food company, developed a policy and current business practices that reduce the company’s effect on the environment.
Following years of work on environmental issues dating back to the 30’s, in 1996 the Nestlé Environmental Management System (NEMS) was introduced which consolidates all environmental measures taken by the Nestlé
Group. NEMS is now used to ensure continuous improvement in Nestlé’s environmental performance covering all its business activities (www. Nestle.co.uk); (www. Nestle.com)
You are shadowing a senior manager of Nestle Company Ltd. A team of middle management business research analyst were appointed and approved by the top management of Nestle to carry out a specialised and highly competitive market and business opportunities research. You were part of this newly approved group of researcher’s and analysts.
For the business to succeed in the current environment, it would need to find cost-effective ways to manage operations, while delivering high quality and differentiated consumer durable products.
In addition, companies operating in this industry face numerous other challenges, including uncertain demand, shifting tastes, operating at a profitable level, changing standards and regulations, and relying on the global supplier network, among others.

Below are the specific and broad challenges posed for Nestle Company Ltd.
Changing Consumer Demands: Today, consumer products companies need to be consumer focused. Demand has a tendency to fluctuate rapidly. For example, consumer preferences have altered greatly in recent years as demand shifts toward healthier and sustainable options. Consequently, manufacturing success is closely related to time-to-market and new product introduction (NPI) capabilities. Additionally, demand can fluctuate cyclically and with economic volatility. The success and profitability of any organization in this industry is heavily dependent on how effective these companies are at addressing the changing demands of consumers.

2. Shrinking Operating Margins: With global competition, companies are faced with the challenge of meeting global price points. This creates additional pressure, as manufacturers need to ensure the delivery of high quality products while finding innovative ways to cut costs. Companies also need to account for fluctuations in factors such as oil prices and their effect on transportation costs or petrochemicals which may be used for agrochemicals and packaging.

3. Compliance and Regulatory Pressures: The global regulatory environment is dynamic. Companies are faced with the challenges of mitigating operational risk and managing non-conformances. Creating additional pressures, as manufacturers rely on the global supplier network to battle shrinking operating margins, meeting international compliance and regulations becomes a factor.

4. Globalizing Economy: Leveraging the global supplier network, (that is condition of having a relatively small amount of cost yield a relatively high level of returns); is a means for reducing costs; however it does come with numerous risks in terms of compliance, product safety, and other areas.
5. Data Granularity and Visibility: With compliance and regulations becoming stricter, traceability functionalities are more pertinent and requisite than in the past. Consumer products companies need strong data granularity to reduce operational risk, properly respond to an adverse event with a targeted recall, provide high quality and compliant products, and avoid counterfeiting issues associated with global trade.
Note: the above challenges highlighted are highly interconnected.
For example shrinking operating margins are dependent on the globalizing economy and increased competition.
NOW To survive in these tough times, companies need to effectively assess the priority and criticality of these challenges, developing strategies to effectively overcome them.
Your role:
Use the above information to guide your detailed report to the team.
You have been asked by your team to report:
LO1 Understand the organisational purposes of business:
• IDENTIFY according to the structures, purposes of different types of organisation that Nestle caters for or have business relationships with, (this will provide evidence for AC 1.1)
• DESCRIBE the extent to which Nestle meets the objectives of different stakeholders, like Shareholders, employees, customers, institutions, environmental groups and agencies will influence its operations in various ways and to a varying degrees, (this will provide evidence for AC 1.2)
• EXPLAIN the responsibilities of Nestle such as environmental and ethical issues, consumer legislations, fair trade, all codes and compliances and strategies employed to meet them, (this will provide evidence for AC 1.3)

LO2 Understand the nature of the national environment in which business operate

• EXPLAIN how economic systems, such as mixed, free enterprise and even transitional population; labour force; growth; inflation; balance of payments; balance of trade; exchange rates; public finances; taxation; government borrowing; business behaviour e.g. investment, objectives, risk awareness; cost of capital; consumer behaviour- will attempt to allocate resources used by Nestle in the most efficient and effectively way, (this will provide evidence for AC 2.1)

• ASSESS the impact of fiscal and monetary policy such as economic goals; fiscal policy: control of aggregate demand; central and local government spending; Public Sector Net Borrowing (PSNB) and Public Sector Net Cash Requirement (PSNCR); euro convergence criteria; interest rates; on Nestle business activities as an organisation, (this will provide evidence for AC 2.2)

• EVALUATE the impact of competition policy (up-to-date legislation including Competition Act 1998, Enterprise Act 2002); Competition Commission, Office of Fair Trading; Directorate General for Competition); European Commission); and other regulatory mechanisms on the activities of Nestle as an organisation, (this will provide evidence for AC 2.3)

LO3 Understand the behaviour of organisations in their market environment

• EXPLAIN how market structures, like perfect competition, monopoly, monopolistic competition, oligopoly, duopoly; competitive advantage, strategies adopted by firms; regulation of competition will determine the pricing and output decisions of Nestle as a business organisation, ( this will provide evidence for the AC 3.1)

• ILLUSTRATE the way in which market forces can shape Nestle organisational responses using a range of examples: such as; supply and demand, elasticity of demand; elasticity of supply; customer perceptions and actions, pricing decisions; cost and output decisions; economies of scale outsourcing; (this will provide evidence for AC 3.2)

• JUDGE how the business and cultural environments, such as core markets; labour market trends; employee skills, technology; innovation; research and development; core competencies; business environment (political, economic, social, technical, legal, environmental); cultural environment, will shape the behaviour of Nestle as an organisation, (this will provide evidence for AC 3.3)

LO4 Be able to assess the significance of the global factors that shape national business activities.

• DISCUSS the significance of international trade, (that is, the report should look closely at (market opportunities; global growth; protectionism; World Trade Organisation (WTO); emerging markets (BRIC economies – Brazil, Russia, India, China); EU membership; EU business regulations and their incorporation in to UK law) to Nestle as one of the UK business organisations, (this will provide evidence for AC 4.1)

• ANALYSE the impact of global factors, such as, business, competition, growth, employment, education, economics and finance, employment, environment, science and technology, regional); labour movement; workforce skills; exchange rates; trading blocs (e.g. monetary unions, common markets; customs unions, free trade areas); labour costs; trade duties; levies; tariffs; customs dues; taxation regimes; international competitiveness; on Nestle as UK business organisations, (this will provide evidence for AC 4.2)

• EVALUATE the impact of policies of the European Union EU policies e.g. agriculture (CAP), ; international business environment (political, economic, social, technical, legal, environmental); investment incentives; cost of capital; commodity prices; intellectual property; climate change e.g. Kyoto Protocol, Rio Earth Summit; third world poverty; the group of 20 (G-20); global financial stability on Nestle as part of the UK business organisations, (this will provide evidence for AC 4.3)

Assessment:
The module will be assessed meeting all the Assessment Criteria (AC), as specified by the awarding body, Pearson Edexcel.
Please read the instructions carefully while addressing the tasks specified.
Contribution: 100% of the module
Outline Details: Individual report approx. 3,500 words. Details enclosed in the assignment brief

Guidance in addition to the Pass criteria’s, this assignment gives you the opportunity to submit evidence in order to achieve the following Merit and Distinction grades. Assessment Grid indicating their pass, merit and distinction:

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Health policy unfolds daily and drives clinical practice in the U.S. You will investigate current policies or legislation underway for a specific health-related issue and develop a scholarly, APA-formatted paper supported by evidence. The policy paper rubric:

Introduction to population or problem (incidence, prevalence, epidemiology, cost burden, etc.)
Description of how the policy is intended for a specific population, program, or organization
Specific legislators involved in the policy development and dissemination
Identify the role of the APRN in assisting with the policy or refuting the policy – this requires the evidence to support opinion, ideas, and/or concepts
Discuss how the policy influences clinical practice and is used to promote best outcomes
Examine how the policy can be used by the interprofessional team to ensure coordinated and comprehensive care for the specific population
Conclusion – summarize findings
APA format – use of primary peer-reviewed references as much as possible
By Monday, July 17, 2017, post your strategies for addressing the key focus in your community in a two- to three-page Word document to the W4 Assignment 2 Dropbox.

Grading Criteria
Maximum Points
Introduced population or problem (incidence, prevalence, epidemiology, cost burden, etc.).
20
Described how the policy is intended for a specific population, program, or organization.
20
Involved specific legislators in the policy development and dissemination.
20
Identified the role of the APRN in assisting with the policy or refuting the policy.
20
Discussed how the policy influences clinical practice and is used to promote best outcomes.
20
Examined how the policy can be used by the interprofessional team to ensure coordinated and comprehensive care for the specific population.
20
Provided conclusion and summarized findings.
10
Followed APA format and used primary peer-reviewed references as much as possible.
10
Total:
140

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Show the correct answer by BOLDING it.

1.
In a one-way, between-subjects ANOVA, MSbn is an estimate of
A.

treatment variance only.

B.

error variance only.

C.

treatment variance plus error variance.

D.

treatment variance minus error variance.

2.
In terms of hypotheses, one of the major differences between the t-test and ANOVA is that
A.

Ha is never defined with the t-test.

B.

H0 is never defined with ANOVA.

C.

ANOVA always involves one-tailed hypotheses.

D.

ANOVA never involves one-tailed hypotheses.

3.
When H0 is true, all scores in the experiment come from the same population and MSbn will be ___________ MSwn.
A.

less than

B.

greater than

C.

equal to

D.

different from

4.
In ANOVA, an independent variable that is studied using independent samples in all conditions is called a
A.

within-subjects factor.

B.

between-subjects factor.

C.

level.

D.

treatment.

5.
Fobt cannot ever be negative because
A.

only absolute differences are used in its computation.

B.

a ratio can never be negative.

C.

the mean squares are variances, which cannot be negative numbers.

D.

the larger variance estimate is always placed in the numerator.

6.
Treatment variance is defined as the differences between scores that occur because
A.

the scores differ from the mean of their condition.

B.

the scores are from different populations.

C.

the scores inherently vary or differ to a certain extent.

D.

of sampling error.

7.
Suppose you perform an ANOVA on 18 subjects divided evenly into three groups according to age. Reading speed is measured and averaged for each of the three groups. The reading speed for the Young Group is 10; for the Middle Group, 12; and for the Older Group, 13. Your F-obtained is 9.15. This is a significant F-obtained. Which of the following is the correct way to report this finding?
A.

The Older Group reads significantly faster than any other group.

B.

The Young Group reads significantly faster than any other group.

C.

There is a significant difference between the Older Group and the Middle Group.

D.

There is a significant difference among the reading speeds somewhere.

8.
The F-distribution is defined as the
A.

distribution of all possible values of F regardless of whether H0 is true or false.

B.

sampling distribution showing all values of F that occur when H0 is true and all conditions represent one population ?.

C.

distance of each sample mean from the mean of the sampling distribution in estimated standard error units.

D.

sampling distribution showing all values of F that occur when H0 is false and all conditions represent different population ?s.

9.
Which of the following would not result in an increase in the power of ANOVA?
A.

Increasing the differences between the conditions of the independent variable

B.

Increasing the variability of the scores within each condition

C.

Increasing the n of small samples

D.

Reducing the variability of the scores within each condition

10.
Sarah Ann designed, conducted, analyzed, wrote, and published an experiment. In the 2 x 4 ANOVA, the F value for Art Medium was indicating a significant difference in the Time it took to produce works of art using different media. The F value for Size of the art work was indicating a nonsignificant finding. The interaction also was nonsignificant. What was the dependent variable?
A.

Art Medium

B.

Time

C.

Size

D.

Quality

11.
The H0 for a main effect of a two-way ANOVA is that the samples in the various levels are drawn from populations where
A.

there are unequal variances.

B.

there are equal means.

C.

there are equal variances.

D.

the scores are normally distributed.

12.
A significant interaction effect indicates that
A.

the influence of one factor is not the same for each level of the other factor.

B.

the influence of one factor is the same for each level of the other factor.

C.

the relationship between one factor and the dependent variable differs from the relationship between the other factor and the dependent variable.

D.

the dependent variable differs depending on the level of a factor.

13.
When an experiment design has two factors but one factor involves related samples while the other factor involves independent samples, we should perform a
A.

two-way within-subjects ANOVA.

B.

two-way between-subjects ANOVA.

C.

two-way mixed-design ANOVA.

D.

two-way independent–related samples ANOVA.

14.
In a two-way ANOVA, the values of n and k
A.

may be different for each factor.

B.

may be different for each level within a factor.

C.

will always be the same for each factor.

D.

will never be the same for different factors.

15.
An interaction effect that is not significant indicates that
A.

the influence of one factor is not the same for each level of the other factor.

B.

the influence of one factor is the same for each level of the other factor.

C.

the relationship between one factor and the dependent variable differs from the relationship between the other factor and the dependent variable.

D.

the dependent variable differs depending on the level of a factor.

16.
A complete factorial design occurs when
A.

all levels of one factor are combined with all levels of the other factor.

B.

all levels of one factor are not combined with all levels of the other factor.

C.

the researcher is finished collecting all the data from a two-factor study.

D.

all statistical analyses, including post hoc comparisons and the calculation of are completed.

17.
If you are interested in how well students perform on a standardized math achievement test after they have completed a six-week math unit in either a computer-assisted class, a videotaped course, or a regular classroom, what kind of design do you have (there is no pre-test)?
A.

A 3 × 3 between-subjects, factorial design

B.

A 2 × 2 between-subjects, factorial design

C.

A 3 × 3 between-subjects, incomplete factorial design

D.

A one-way design

18.
When are nonparametric procedures used instead of parametric procedures?
A.

When a more powerful test is needed

B.

When our data do not meet the assumptions of parametric procedures

C.

When our sample is relatively small

D.

When measurement is interval or ratio

19.
Nonparametric procedures are usually not our first choice among statistical procedures because
A.

the probability of making a Type I error is too high.

B.

the probability of making a Type II error is too high.

C.

nonparametric procedures are not inferential statistics.

D.

they are less powerful than parametric procedures.

20.
A recent news report indicated that out of 105 people polled, 65 men and 15 women had given the president a high approval rating, while 15 men and 10 women had given the president a low approval rating. A chi-square test yields these results: ?2 = 8.33, df = 1, p < .01. You would conclude: A. Men tend to approve of the president’s performance; women don’t. B. Women are more likely to approve of the president than are men. C. Men are more likely to approve of the president than are women. D. Men and women do not differ significantly in their approval of the president. 21. The board of trustees of a small college demanded a more diverse student body. Most of the college's minority students came from a large metropolitan area. The admissions staff asked graduates outside this area and outside the state to help with recruiting. In addition, some money was spent on media advertising. To assess the effect of this campaign, the current year's requests for applications were classified as Large Metropolitan Area (565), Rest of State (410), and Out of State (216). An analysis of addresses over previous years showed Large Metropolitan Area, 51%; Rest of State, 40%; Out of State, 9%. What statistic should be used to analyze these data? A. The for independence B. The for goodness of fit C. The Kruskal-Wallis H D. The Mann-Whitney U 22. A nonparametric procedure that corresponds to the independent samples t-test is the A. Mann-Whitney U. B. Wilcoxon T test. C. Kruskal-Wallis H. D. Friedman . 23. Assume that you have conducted a one-way in which the is that the frequencies in the categories are equal. If the was not significant, the appropriate conclusion is that A. other models of need to be tested. B. we expect that the population of interest is distributed among the categories to the same degree as the sample. C. there is insufficient evidence one way or the other regarding how the population of interest is distributed among the categories. D. the population of interest is distributed equally among the categories.

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Your manager has asked you to research a relevant and current employment dispute from its inception to resolution in order to empirically illustrate to HR Trainees the role of negotiation and collective bargaining; the nature of industrial conflict and its resolution.

THE SELECTED DISPUTE WILL BE:

BRITISH AIRWAYS DISPUTE 2011
http://www.theguardian.com/business/2011/jun/22/british-airways-cabin-crew-dispute-resolve

In order to make this information clear and accessible, it has been suggested that, together with your selected dispute, you use real life examples/cases to compare and contrast the theory and practice of collective bargaining and conflict resolution. You can be as creative as you wish in presenting this information.

(PLEASE USE EXAMPLES OF DISPUTES FROM THE UNITED KINGDOM TO ILLUSTRATE IF NEED BE)

A suggested plan for the research report could be as follows:

LO3 Understand collective bargaining and negotiation processes

3.1 Explain the role of negotiation in collective bargaining

Give an overview of nature and scope of collective bargaining and process involved

3.2 Assess the impact of negotiation for a given situation

What is a negotiation strategy, how do unions and employers prepare for negotiation and carry out the process. What is the impact and outcome of negotiations? Use your selected dispute and any other real life cases to illustrate your findings.

LO2 Understand the nature of conflict and its resolution.

2.1 Explain the procedures an organisation should follow when dealing with different conflict situations

Firstly explain the nature of industrial conflict and the different types of dispute and the procedures used to deal with conflict in general.

2.2 Explain key features of employee relations in a selected conflict resolution

What happens to employee relations when there is a dispute or conflict situation.

2.3 Evaluate the effectiveness of procedures used in a selected conflict situation

How is conflict resolved? Explain the varying dispute procedures, arbitration and the role of ACAS.

How successful are these procedures? Use your selected conflict situation and any other relevant examples to evaluate the success or otherwise of various dispute procedures.

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For this week, you will be completing a RESEARCH APPRAISAL about a women’s health topic in which you may be interested. The purpose is to complete only a synthesis of the topic. To start, only look at studies that are specific to your women’s health topic. Your appraisal will assist in finding the most current evidence. Remember, this is only for the purpose of synthesis. Simplicity is key to a successful evaluation. Below is a way to assist you in compiling your significant articles. Your table should only contain 5 articles.
***Finalize your findings in 1–2 pages and submit with your evaluation table.

In the headings for the columns, include the following:
1. Citation: Author, year, title

2. Conceptual Framework: Theoretical basis for study

3.Design/Method: Indicate design and describe what was done in the study

4.Sample/setting: Number, characteristics, attrition rate, and why

5.Major variables studied and their definitions: Independent/dependent variable

6.Measurement: What scales were used to measure the outcome variables (e.g., name of scale, author, reliability info)

7.Data analysis: What stats were used to answer the clinical question

8.Findings: Statistical findings or qualitative findings (one for every statistical test mentioned in data anlysis)

9.Appraisal/Worth to Practice: Strengths and limitations of the study, risk or harm if study intervention or findings implemented, and feasibility

Assignment 3 Grading Criteria

Clearly discussed the women’s health issue.

Accurately summarized research in evaluation table.

Ensured that paper concisely describes findings.

Ensured that the paper is well organized and well written and demonstrates significant development in your ability to think and write from initial submission. Properly followed APA format.

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ASSIGNMENT FRONT SHEET
Unit: 4 – Marketing Principles
Learning Hours: 60 Hours.
Self-learning hours: 90 hours. Course: HND Business – Level 4 CREDIT VALUE: 15 CREDITS Term:
April 2016
Module Leader: Mr Mehedi Alam Lecturer: Internal Verifier: Mrs S Kotta
ASSIGNMENT TITLE: Marketing Report

Learners Name Term: Cohort: Intake:
Registration Number Campus: Wembley
Hand out Date: 05/10/2016 Submission Date: 23/12/2016 Deadline: 10/03/2017
Learning
Outcome
Assessment Criteria In this assessment you will have the opportunity to present evidence that shows you are able to: Task Number
Evidence Page number
LO 1: Understand the concept and process of marketing 1.1 Explain the various elements of the marketing process 1
1.2 Evaluate the benefits and costs of a marketing orientation for a selected organisation 1
LO2 : Be able to use the concepts of
segmentation, targeting and positioning 2.1 Show macro and micro environmental factors which influence marketing decisions 1
2.2 Propose segmentation criteria to be used for products in different markets 1
2.3 Choose a targeting strategy for a selected
product/service 1
2.4 Demonstrate how buyer behaviour affects
marketing activities in different buying
situations 1
2.5 Propose new positioning for a selected
product/service 1
LO3: Understand the individual elements of
the extended marketing mix 3.1 Explain how products are developed to sustain competitive advantage 1
3.2 Explain how distribution is arranged to provide customer convenience 1
3.3 Explain how prices are set to reflect an
organisation’s objectives and market
conditions 1
3.4 Illustrate how promotional activity is integrated to achieve marketing objectives 1
3.5 Analyse the additional elements of the
extended marketing mix 1
LO 4: Be able to use the marketing mix in different contexts 4.1 Plan marketing mixes for two different
segments in consumer markets 2
4.2 Illustrate differences in marketing products and services to businesses rather than consumers 2
4.3 Show how and why international marketing differs from domestic marketing. 2
Please see that you include the Turnitin report. This work will not be accepted without the
Turn it in report. Report attached: Yes
No If no Reason: % of the turn it in report.
Learners Declaration: I certify that the work submitted for this unit is my own and the research sources are fully acknowledged.
Learners Signature: Date:
Plagiarism:
Any act of plagiarism will be seriously dealt with according to the colleges and awarding bodies’ regulations. In this context the definition and scope of plagiarism are presented below:
Plagiarism is presenting someone’s work as your won. It includes copying information directly from the web or books without referencing the material; submitting joint coursework as an individual effort; copying another student’s coursework; stealing coursework form another student and submitting it as your own work. Suspected plagiarism will be investigated and if found to have occurred will be dealt with according to the college procedure. (For further details please refer to the plagiarism policy and the student code of conduct.)

Due Dates
Issue Date 05/10/2016 Submission Date 23/12/2016
Due Task- 1 Final due date where e-learning will be blocked for April 2016 intake 10/03/2017
Due Task- 2
Assignment Guidelines:
? Use a standard report structure, Word-process the report and use Normal script of a proper font size 12.
? Produce an academic report, detailing the above issues with an approx. word limit of 3500 words.
? Complete the title page and sign the statement of authenticity.
? The Assignment front sheet should be attached in the front.
? All work must be uploaded on turnitin before the submission date. .
? Assignments submitted after the deadline will not be accepted unless mitigating and may be entitled for a late fee.
? Collusion and Plagiarism must be avoided.
? Start each answer on a new page and pages should be numbered. Highlight each question clearly.
? Include a Bibliography at the end of the assignment and use the Harvard referencing system.
? All work should be comprehensively referenced and all sources must be fully acknowledged, such as books and journals, websites (include the date of visit), etc.
? Try to give the page numbers, publishers’ details and the year of publication
? In order to pass you need to address all the LO and AC
? In order to get a merit you need to address the characteristics of pass and address M1, M2,M3
Use a common format for the questions, for example:
? Introduction (analyse the question.)
? Underpinning Knowledge (write about the relevant theory/points)
? Applied knowledge(Data Analysis)
? Conclusions and Recommendations (summarizing the whole scenario keeping in view pass, merit, distinction criteria.)
Guidance in addition to the Pass criteria’s, this assignment gives you the opportunity to submit evidence in order to achieve the following Merit and Distinction grades. Assessment Grid indicating their pass, merit and distinction:
Unit: 4 Marketing Principles
Outcomes/criteria: Indicative characteristics Contextualised Feedback
P1. Understand the concept and process of marketing
P2. Be able to use the concepts of
segmentation, targeting and
positioning
P3. Understand the individual elements of the extended
marketing mix
P4. Be able to use the marketing mix in different contexts As per the assessment criteria specified for pass
Do

Do

Do

Do Task 1

Task 1

Task 1

Task 2
Merit grade Description: Contextualisation
M. Identify and apply strategies to find appropriate solutions. • An effective approach to study and research has been applied
• Effective judgements have been made To achieve M1, use an effective approach to study and research and make effective judgement to evaluate the benefits and costs of a marketing orientation for a selected organisation. Demonstrate how buyer behaviour affects marketing activities in different buying situations. Illustrate how promotional activity is integrated to achieve marketing objectives. Illustrate differences in marketing products and services to businesses rather than consumers. (Task 1: AC 1.2, 2.4, 3.4 and Task 2: AC 4.2)
M2. Select/ design and apply appropriate methods/ techniques. • A range of methods and techniques have been applied
• A range of sources of information has been used To achieve M2 use a range of methods and techniques to the relevant sources of information in the chosen company context to be able to use the concepts of segmentation, targeting and positioning. (Task 1: AC 2.1 and Task 2: AC 4.3 )
M3. Present and communicate appropriate findings. • Coherent, logical development of principles/concepts for the intended audience
• A range of methods of presentation have been used and technical language has been accurately used To achieve M3, you need consistent and logical development of principles/concepts for the intended audience with the help of appropriate methods of presentation and use appropriate business terminology within context. (Task 1 and Task 2)
Distinction Grade Description:
D1. Use critical reflection to evaluate own work and justify valid conclusion. • The validity of results has been evaluated using defined criteria
• Conclusions have been arrived at through synthesis of ideas and have been justified To achieve D1, evaluate the validity of results through the conclusion where ideas should have been justified to use the marketing mix in different contexts. (Task 1: AC 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 3.4)
D2. Take responsibility for managing and organizing activities. • Activities have been managed
• The unforeseen has been accommodated To achieve D2, you need to accommodate the unforeseen area and the activities should have been managed efficiently to use the concepts of segmentation, targeting and positioning. (Task 1: AC 2.2, 2.3, 2.5)
D3. Demonstrate convergent, lateral and creative thinking • Innovation and creative thought have been applied
• Self-evaluation has taken place To achieve D3, you need to apply creative innovation and self -evaluation to use the marketing mix in different contexts. (Task 2: AC 4.1)

ASSIGNMENT Brief
Unit Number and title Unit 4: Marketing Principles
Qualification BTEC HND Business (Level 4)
Start Date 5th October 2016
Hand-in/Dead line 23rd December 2016/10th March 2017
Assessor

TASK 1
Scenario: The marketing world is becoming more and more focused on directly connecting with consumers and making the marketing experience more personal. Consumer marketing managers lead teams of marketing agents through the successful implementation of a marketing campaign.

As a newly appointed assistant to the Marketing Manager, you are required to carry out a detailed marketing analysis of one of the following company:
? Aldi
? McDonald’s
? IKEA
? Barclays
? EE Limited
As part of this report you also need to carry out a market environment situation analysis, using a range of tools and techniques suitable for each market situation.

Task 1: The objective of task 1 is to
LO1 Understand the concept and process of marketing.
Explain the various elements of the marketing process (AC 1.1) and evaluate the benefits and costs of a marketing orientation for a selected organisation (AC 1.2).
LO2 Be able to use the concepts of segmentation, targeting and positioning.
Show macro and micro environmental factors which influence marketing decisions with the help of appropriate tools and techniques (AC 2.1). Propose segmentation criteria (AC 2.2) and choose a target strategy (AC 2.3) in different markets for a selected product/service. Demonstrate how buyer behaviour affects marketing activities in different buying situations (AC 2.4) and propose new positioning for a selected product/service (AC 2.5).

LO3 Understand the individual elements of the extended marketing mix

You also need to explain how the products/services are developed to sustain competitive advantage (AC 3.1). Explain how distribution is arranged to provide customer convenience (AC 3.2) and explain how prices are set to reflect an organisation’s objectives and market conditions AC 3.3). Illustrate how promotional activity is integrated to achieve marketing objectives (AC 3.4) and analyse the additional elements of the extended marketing mix for the chosen company (AC 3.5).

For the Merit and Distinction criteria, please refer to the marking scheme (Page no 4 & 5)

Task 2
Scenario: A better customer experiences are made up of appropriate marketing approach. The end result is improved customer retention and improved conversion rates both within and across national boundaries.

Following the report developed in Task 1 for your chosen company, you are required to develop another report on the topic mentioned in task 2 below.

The objective of task 2 is to be able to address LO4 addressing the AC’s as specified
(LO 4) Be able to use the marketing mix in different contexts

Plan and recommend marketing mixes for the two different segments in consumer markets (AC 4.1)
Illustrate differences in marketing products and services to businesses rather than consumers (AC 4.2).
Show how and why international marketing differs from domestic marketing and show how you could implement a marketing strategy to market abroad. (AC 4.3)

Achievement Summary
The Following Sections to be completed by the assessor:
Centre Name: Regent HE
Campus:
Centre Number:
Please note that the assessor’s signature below denotes conformation that he/she has in no way influenced the outcome of the assessment:
Assessors Name:
Assessors Signature:
Learners Name (to be filled by the Assessor)
Intake: Cohort: Term: Campus:
Learners Edexcel Reference Number
Has the unit been Internally Verified? Y/N
Date of verification:
Name of the Internal Verifier:
Internal verifiers signature:
If Sampled ,Internal verifiers comments on the assignment brief:

Evidence Checklist Summary of the evidence required by the student Evidence presented
Task 1
Task 2
Unit Outcomes
Outcome Evidence for the criteria to pass, merit and distinction as specified in the student feedback and contextualised. Assessors decision Internal verification decision. (agree, disagree)
Scenario: The marketing world is becoming more and more focused on directly connecting with consumers and making the marketing experience more personal. Consumer marketing managers lead teams of marketing agents through the successful implementation of a marketing campaign.

As a newly appointed assistant to the Marketing Manager, you are required to carry out a detailed marketing analysis of one of the following company:
? Aldi
? McDonald’s
? IKEA
? Barclays
? EE Limited
As part of this report you also need to carry out a market environment situation analysis, using a range of tools and techniques suitable for each market situation. Use this scenario and address LO1, LO2 and LO3

LO 1. Understand the concept and process of marketing AC 1.1- Explain the various elements of the marketing process
AC 1.2- Evaluate the benefits and costs of a marketing orientation for a selected organisation
LO 2 Be able to use the concepts of
segmentation,
targeting and
positioning AC 2.1 – Show macro and micro environmental factors which influence marketing decisions
AC 2.2- Propose segmentation criteria to be used for products in different markets
AC 2.3 – Choose a targeting strategy for a selected product/service
AC 2.4 – Demonstrate how buyer behaviour affects marketing activities in different buying situations
AC 2.5 – Propose new positioning for a selected product/service
LO 3 Understand the individual elements of the extended
marketing mix AC 3.1 – Explain how products are developed to sustain competitive advantage
AC 3.2 – Explain how distribution is arranged to provide customer convenience
AC 3.3 – Explain how prices are set to reflect an organisation’s objectives and market conditions
AC 3.4 – Illustrate how promotional activity is integrated to achieve marketing objectives
AC 3.5 – Analyse the additional elements of the extended marketing mix
Contextualised Feedback for Task 1 (reflecting AC 1.1, 1.2, 2.1, 2.2, 2.3, 2.4, 2.5, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 3.4 & 3.5 Pass merit and distinction.)
IV comments towards
Task 1
TASK 2 Scenario: A better customer experiences are made up of appropriate marketing approach. The end result is improved customer retention and improved conversion rates both within and across national boundaries.
Following the report developed in Task 1 for your chosen company, you are required to develop another report on the topic mentioned in task 2 and Address the LO4 and AC as specified below
LO 4. Be able to use the marketing mix in different contexts AC 4.1- Plan marketing mixes for two different segments in consumer markets

AC4.2- Illustrate differences in marketing products and services to businesses rather than consumers
AC4.3 – Show how and why international marketing differs from domestic marketing.
Contextualised Feedback for Task 2 (reflecting AC 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, Pass merit and distinction.)
IV comments towards
Task 2
Merit grades awarded M1 M2 M3 P1 P2 P3 P4
Distinction grades awarded D1 D2 D3 Resubmit :
Any other comments

Grade given by the Assessor:
Pass Merit Distinction
Assessors Signature: Date:
IV Grading Check: Comments if any:
Agree
Disagree Modify grade to
IV signature: Date:
Students feedback:
Student Signature: Date:
Plagiarism:
Any act of plagiarism will be seriously dealt with according to the colleges and awarding bodies’ regulations. In this context the definition and scope of plagiarism are presented below:
Plagiarism is presenting someone’s work as your won. It includes copying information directly from the web or books without referencing the material; submitting joint coursework as an individual effort; copying another student’s coursework; stealing coursework form another student and submitting it as your own work. Suspected plagiarism will be investigated and if found to have occurred will be dealt with according to the college procedure.

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Answer the following question according to the case study “The Walt Disney Company: The Entertainment King”. and include context of the class.

QUESTIONS:
[20 points] How does Disney’s strategic vision affect which businesses it enters?
[20 points] Why has Disney been such a success for so long?
[20 points] How did Michael Eisner rejuvenate Disney
when he arrived in 1984?
[20 points] What is Disney’s current corporate strategy?
[20 points] Has Disney diversified too far in recent years?

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