global institutions:trade rules and development

PLEASE CHOOSE ONE OF THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS:

Assignments should be word processed: 12pt font size, with 1.5 or line spacing
1. The implementation of the ‘Washington Consensus’ changed the ‘rules’ of international trade. Discuss by drawing on a selected case study or case studies from developing countries, and consider the extent to which such consensus has changed in recent times and/or still exists.

2. How have the outcomes of the World Trade Organisations negotiations affected national development policy options (“policy space”) for developing countries? Focus your discussion on one of the three negotiations listed below and provide evidence from one or more country case studies.
a) the Agreement on Agriculture,
b) Trade Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights OR
c) the end of the Multi-Fibre Arrangement

3. Present arguments for and against the TRIPS agreement and subsequent TRIPs-plus measures. Do TRIPS and TRIPS-plus help promote international trade or limit the ability of developing countries to learn and innovate? Please provide evidence from one or more country case studies.

4. ‘The World Trade Organisation has failed as an effective multilateral agency in promoting international trade’. Discuss this statement and illustrate your position by drawing on relevant case evidence.

5. To what extent have regional and bilateral trading forums replaced multilateral institutions as the primary venue for trade negotiations/location of trade rules in the global economy? Provide empirical evidence to support your argument.

6. In what ways has the EU’s GSP+ mechanism influenced developing countries’ access to key markets? Discuss by drawing on a relevant country and/or sector case study.

7. The adoption of process standards (such as on environment, labour, and/or on quality assurance) by companies through codes of conduct and/or through ISO standards have effectively improved corporate social responsibility practice and led to better governance of trade relationships with distant suppliers. Discuss and present your views on this statement illustrating through relevant case studies.

8. Does Fair Trade improve outcomes for developing country producers? Discuss with reference to one or more products.

9. The emergence of rising powers promises to fundamentally reform the global governance of trade. Discuss this argument and illustrate your position by drawing on relevant case evidence.

The essay should have the following structure:
• Introduction to the question, outline of aims and a structure to the essay
• A brief survey of the related theoretical and empirical literature
• Critical analysis of the question drawing on appropriate analytical and empirical information
• Conclusion
• Appendix (if necessary)
• References

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