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                In Psychology, abnormal behavior is defined as a rare or dysfunctional behavior in the human being. Abnormal behavior is influenced by biological factors that result to the problem in brain processes and Psychological factors which involve emotional turmoil along with social factors. Social scientists and psychologists have defined abnormal behavior as psychological adequacy that causes social discomfort to the victim. Women are more likely to behave abnormally for the reason that, they are discriminated in the society and have unequal social position (David, 2007).  On the other hand, normal behavior is the opposite of abnormal behaviors. Therefore, an individual is regarded normal if he or she is free from mental disorders. David argues that, intelligence is considered normal while below average is viewed as abnormal. It is vital knowing that, Abnormality depends on the understanding point of view towards normality (Sue, ed al 2008). Moreover, normality tends to define norms of behavior instead of prescribing the definition of healthy or adaptive behavior. As a result of abnormal functioning in the current world, several therapies are used in explaining and treating psychological disorders. These include Biological Therapy and psychotherapy.

Biological therapy is a treatment that is used to reduce or eradicate symptoms of physical disorders (Sue, ed al 2008). The biomedical therapy is commonly used to treat anxiety disorders, schizophrenia and mood disorders. These drugs are required to reduce tension and improve social behavior. In additional, Psychosurgery therapy and Electroconvulsive are two methods used as final resorts. Psychotherapies are classified into four techniques that include Cognitive, behavioral, humanistic and psychodynamic. Psychologists use these therapies with the goal of self awareness and encouraging sight. The psychodynamic therapies bring in the importance of the unconscious mind and the role of childhood experiences. In the psychoanalysis, individual’s thoughts are analyzed which determines the behavior content. For example, therapists believe that mental challenges are caused by unresolved conflicts such as issues involving sexual harassment or any harassment in early childhood. These therapies are effective in treating the Depressive disorders in individuals (Sue, ed al 2008).

Depressive disorders are illnesses that involve thoughts, body and mood which interferes with normal functioning and daily life thus causing pain for the victim with disorder and the people that care about him or her. The depressive disorders include Major Depression, Dysthymic disorder and Bipolar disorders. Dysthymic disorders include psychotic depression, seasonal disorder and postpartum depression. Major depression is characterized by symptoms that interfere with an individual ability to sleep, eat, study or enjoy any pleasurable activity thus preventing an individual to function normally. Dsythmic disorders are characterized by long term severe symptoms that may prevent the person from functioning normally. Psychotic depression happens when an individual is accompanied by psychosis such as delusions and hallucination. Postpartum depression is the depression that women experience after giving birth. Finally, seasonal disorder is characterized by depressive illness during winter months. Bipolar disorder involves cycling mood from extreme high to extreme low.

Individuals with depressive disorders have different symptoms depending on individual illness. Some of the common symptoms include the following. Loss of appetite or overeating, excessive sleeping or lack of sleep, persistent headaches or digestive problems, loss of memory and difficulties in concentrating, fatigue and anxiety, feelings of guilty and hopelessness. Lack of interest in various activities such as sex among others, suicidal attempts and thoughts of suicidal. Depression is often related to other severe illnesses that include cancer, heart diseases, diabetes and stroke. Due to depression, alcohol and other drugs are often abused. Research has shown that, Alcohol and drugs have been commonly abused in United State due to co-existence of depression disorders (Herrman, ed al 2009). There are no causes of depression rather it results from psychological factors, environmental factors, biochemical and genetic factors. Depressive illness can occur as a result of disorders in the brain. The part of the brain that regulates mood, sleep, reason and behavior appear to function abnormally. Herrman has argued that, brains of people that suffer from depression look different from normal people and the brain cells for communication are usually in active. Some types of depression are genetic while in some cases is due to bereavement, relationship problems, trauma or stress.

It is unfortunate that most people that suffer from depression are not aware that they are sick thus not considering medical help. Successful depression treatment requires a biological therapy, social measures and psychotherapy in improvement of the patient suffering from depression. Effectiveness of depression treatment is determined by sufficiency of therapeutic intervention and clinical presentation. Biological treatment includes pharmacological therapy where by drugs are used for treatment and improving some conditions that include, sleep deprivation, electroconvulsive therapy, dietetic therapy, phototherapy among others. During pharmacotherapy, there is the use of other medications that develop metabolism of brain cells and influences the immune system which include, vitamins, tranquilizer, hormones and neuroleptics. The Treatment of depression symptoms can also be conducted by the help of psychotherapy. To get rid of depression victims, this form of psychological and medical aid is recommended. It is vital knowing that, many depressed patients suffer from functional disorders of internal organs hence sensitive to side effects on biological treatment (Mitchell, ed al 2003).     Psychotherapy enables patients to get used to real life. This therapy improves on the effectiveness of medical treatment along with family relationships and professional status of the patient. Frequent depression after trauma leads to persistent of its origin. The circumstances give the patient a need for psychological help. Doctors refer the psychotherapy of depression treatment as a primary aid in doing away of depression symptoms such as anxiety; attempt to commit suicide, hopelessness and doubt among others. It is assumed that, psychotherapy is limited in severe cases of depression. In human therapy, patients are encouraged to have self awareness and personal development. Patients are encouraged to understand themselves and take full responsibility of their feelings. Cognitive therapists focus on changing the patient’s thoughts so as to change his or her belief system in considering self efficacy as the key to successful therapy. Studies have shown that cognitive therapy is effective in depression treatment (Mitchell, ed al 2003).

In conclusion, human therapy gives in consideration that the victim is part of the society and enhances to treat the patient equally within the context of other individuals. Other treatment includes community mental health along with cultural perspectives.

 

 

References

David H, (2007). Clinical Handbook for Psychological Disorders.  New York. Guilford Press

Herrman H, Maj M, Sartorius, (2009). Depressive disorders. New York. John Wiley and Sons Publishers

Sue D, Sue W, Sue S, (2008). Understanding Abnormal Behavior. New York:  Cengage Learning Publishers.

Mitchell D, John F, (2003). Behavioral Medicine in Primary Care. New York. McGraw-Hill Professional publisher

 

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