Category: Essays

Essay Topic: What governance challenges do poor countries face? How can those challenges be addressed?

*rule of thumb: two to three governance challenges (example challenges: accountability and corruption, participation and participatory budgeting, decentralization etc)* Don’t forget Recommendation on how these challenges will be addressed*

To answer this question you will need to choose one poor country, classified as Medium or Low in the UNDP Human Development Index Report 2014. The report can be accessed at the following site: http://hdr.undp.org/en

In writing the essay you must pay attention to the following directions and advice:

– Ensure that you adhere to a word-count of 2000 (+/- 10% leeway) words not including references or the reference list.
– Ensure your paper includes page numbers and that you justify the text in each paragraph.
– Reference all sources of information through in-text references and a reference list.
– Include page numbers where you are referring to or applying a specific thought – whether as a direct quote or a paraphrase.
– Provide a properly structured introduction and conclusion.
– Avoid providing a mere summary or synopsis of developments, the paper must reflect on governance theory and contain a critical analysis of the material relevant to the topic leading to a final hypothesis.
– Avoid including references in the introduction or the conclusion.
– Any essay that does not include significant reference to scholarly books, book chapters and/or journal articles will be unlikely to receive a high grade. DO NOT USE WEBSITES AS REFERENCES. Can use websites such as OECD, UN etc to extract reports.
– Primary sources (such as newspaper, magazine articles, Official Government website etc.) can be used but they should be supplementary to the use of scholarly (secondary) material.
– Harvard style referencing, 15 to 20 references minimum
– Don’t forget your rationale/justification for your thesis statement/position
– Introduction: outline specific topics/evidence that you will use to support your argument in your introduction
– Main body: always ask yourself, have I clearly linked this example back to my argument? Do I have coherent linking sentences at the beginning and end of each paragraph?
– Avoid language such as ‘discuss, explore, looks at’ they indicate to the reader that you are taking a descriptive rather than analytical/argumentative approach

The following criteria will be used for assessment:

1. Evidence of reading relevant material, including different points of view.
2. Evidence of understanding of the question asked.
3. Discussion and critical analysis of relevant concepts, theories and issues.
4. Logical arrangement of material relevant to question asked, reflecting an understanding of the issues and the relationships between elements of the subject.
5. Use of relevant facts or empirical information to develop and substantiate critical analysis and argument.
6. Clarity and correctness of writing, (e.g. grammar, punctuation and spelling).
7. Proper referencing, acknowledgement and citation of sources. You must use the Harvard style referencing system.
8. Correct reference list provided at the end of the paper in alphabetical order by each author’s surname.
9. Adherence to the prescribed word count. Students may use the 10% rule, whereby the final word count can be 10% under or over the prescribed word count. Essays that provide a word count that is under or over the prescribed word count once the 10% rule has been applied will be subject to a reduction in marks. One (1) mark will be deducted for every 100 words that fall outside the acceptable minimum or maximum final word count.

Please note: Be careful using the Internet: it offers information, sometimes wildly inaccurate, while also not necessarily providing a strong critical analysis.

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For of all, you need to know how to use IBM SPSS statistics 21.0.

1. Collect data (surveys or interview responses) —I already did for you
2. Input and analyse the data using SPSS and/or Microsoft Excel.- I already did for you, and I will submit it
3. Prepare and submit your report, following the format set out below (refer to chapter 11 of your textbook for additional details):
1. Title page (including disclaimer statement)
2. Letter of transmittal (to the client/ business/ lecturer)
3. Executive summary – summary of entire report in 1 page.
4. Table of contents incl. list of tables/graphs/exhibits and appendices
5. Problem definition and research objectives using literature and/or industry data to support
6. Methodology discuss the methodology and briefly critique the questions.
7. Data analysis & results
8. Limitations and caveats
9. Recommendations and conclusions
10. Reference list
11. Appendices – which may include:
• Data collection forms (eg: copy of survey/ interview questions) • Disc with SPSS data on it or interview responses
• Detailed calculations (if used)
Word limit: 3,000 words (excluding appendix).

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My main aim is to identify the healthcare professional’s role in reducing the barriers to cervical cancer screening based on women’s perception hence the research question.
I would also need gathering and comparison of relevant statistics showing measures that have been taken in developed countries to get decrease of cervical cancer rates as well as future strategies that can be employed in less developing countries to counter the barriers faced hence the high rate of cervical cancer prevalence and death.

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Practical Report – Designing Your Study
For the purposes of this practical, we are interested in people’s attitudes and their behaviour. We want to find out if there is a correlation between people’s attitudes and their behaviour. Working in groups of 2 to 5, you need to choose a particular behaviour to research. The example used here is ‘exercise’ but you must think of a different attitude/behaviour to research.

In addition, you need to choose an additional predictor variable (for example, perceived norm or perceived behavioural control).

First, you need to generate five questions to measure attitudes towards, for example, the behaviour of exercising. These must ask specifically about exercise, and the person’s attitudes about exercising (whether they are positively or negatively disposed towards it). The questions should take the form of a semantic differential scale (Osgood, 1952) or likert scale, whereby participants are asked to describe an attitude through scales bounded by pairs of antonyms. You will decide upon the pairs of antonyms that you use.

Your questions should then take the following format:

I think that exercise is…

Good:__.__.__.__.__.__.__:Bad

Harmful:__.__.__.__.__.__.__:Beneficial

Boring:__.__.__.__.__.__.__:Fun

Pleasant:__.__.__.__.__.__.__:Unpleasant

Foolish:__.__.__.__.__.__.__:Wise

You will notice that some of the scales start with the positive word, and some start with the negative word. Try to vary the order of positive/negative negative/positive pairs of antonyms, as this will reduce demand characteristics.

Your questionnaire should also contain a measure of the behaviour of interest. Try to think of an imaginative and accurate way to measure the behaviour. The behavioural measure should not take the form of a single question, so will require some thought, e.g., you could ask participants to list the different types of exercise they have engaged in each day over the last week. You would then need to work out a way of converting this information into a single score for the behaviour.

When measuring your third variable (e.g., perceived norm or perceived behavioural control), you can adopt either of the above strategies (or a new approach) to generating a measure.

In designing your questionnaire, you will need to think about possible order effects. To do this, you should counterbalance the order of the three variables in the design. You will also need to include some instructions on your questionnaire about how to fill in the items. Try to keep these simple and straightforward. You should also include an example of how to complete the questions. The example should be about an attitude different to the one that you are measuring. This helps to avoid influencing the participants’ responses.

Consult this document for further ideas:

http://people.umass.edu/~aizen/pdf/tpb.measurement.pdf

This is taken from Fishbein, M., & Ajzen, I. (2010). Predicting and changing behavior: The reasoned action approach. New York: Psychology Press.

Remember that you are conducting a small-scale project for your assessment and that you do not need to be as rigorous as these authors suggest (so no need for factor analysis or pilot studies!).
In your ethics submission, you’ll need to detail the questions for each of your three measures (the two predictors and the dependent variable) as well as the details of brief and debrief. Please see the below section for further details regarding the ethics submission…

The group decided to do the study on Does Sports reduce stress?

Sample/participants:
The target participants are individuals from the age of 25-45.

40 participants will be given questionnaires and will be individuals who have had a desk job for not less than two years and not more than five years.
Our DV needs to be a measurable behaviour and your questionnaire must be on a Likert or semantic differences scale.
We have produce this:
DV Measure of sport (yoga?)

How often in a fortnight do you normally do yoga?

List how many times in last fortnight you have done yoga.

IV Option 1 = attitude to sport as stress reducer

Yoga makes me feel:

Relaxed _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Tense

Bored _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Stimulated

Calm _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Restless

Focused _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Distracted

Happy _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Low

Energized_ _ _ _ _ _ _ Lethargic

OR

When I feel stressed yoga is:

Helpful _ _ _ _ _ _ _Unhelpful

Bad _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Good

Fun _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Boring
Harmful _ _ _ _ _ _ _Beneficial

Relazing _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Agitating

Stressful _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Comforting

OR

IV Option 2 = attitude to stress

If we choose IV = attitude to stress, we could use some questions from the Perceived Stress Scale. (attached) Kay – are we allowed to use a measure like this if we acknowledge it in the write up?

IV 2 (predictor variable) = motivation
Using the scale below, please indicate to what extent you agree or disagree with the following statements.

Strongly disagree Disagree No opinion or uncertain Agree Strongly agree

When I do yoga I feel more relaxed

I do yoga because I feel it is important to my health

I don’t see the point in yoga

I do yoga because it is enjoyable

I do yoga because my doctor advised me to

Yoga helps me unwind

I do yoga because I feel I have to exercise

I get tense if I have not done yoga in a few weeks

Yoga gives me space to clear my head

I feel guilty if I do not regularly do yoga

Doing yoga on regular basis helps my concentration level

I would recommend to others to do yoga

(I have put more than 5 to give us options)

What do you think? This is just a very rough draft. I struggled to find a way to measure motivation (IV2) because the scale I came up with could also be used as a scale to measure attitude to yoga as stress reducer. I found it hard to make it look different to the attitudes scale.

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Create a game using Visual Studio and XMA. For the first version of your game, you need to have the following:
A world/level that can be read in from a data file. You have several options for how to implement your world file
An XML file describing the size of the world, and the positions of all game geometry (platforms), enemies, goals, etc.
A pure ASCII text file describing the world
An image file (from which you need to be able to extract the logical game elements, like where the player can walk, etc)
Some combination of the above (an image file that shows a pretty version of the world, plus some other file — XML or text — that gives the logical position of all platforms, etc
A character that can navigate the world, including jumping onto platforms. This will require some simple physics (simple gravity, collision detection, being able to land on platforms).
Scrolling world (in at least one dimension)
Some kind of goal (get to a particular point in the level, free the princess, collect all of the coins, defeat an enemy or enemies, etc)
Animation of some kind
Some amount of data drive design. In addtion to your world/level being read in from a data file, you should be able to change properties of objects in the world by just changing the data file, and not changing any code. It should be possible to add an entirely new entity (like a new enemy — including new animations and new properties) by only changing the data files. You should have as few constants (including string literals!) defined in your game as possible — they should all be read in from data files.
Some kind of hazzard or enemy.
Note that you should be thinking ahead to what kind of platformer you want to create, even when doing the basic version. Are you creating a puzzler (how can I navigate through these moving platforms, to collect the proper keys, to open the the doors, to get to the next area?), a shooter (Kill all the enemies, protect the hostages, etc), a Mario-style jump on enemys’ heads style platformer, or something completely different?

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The architectural critisism theme is : Dystopia, atmosphere, and affect.
The case study is : Norddeutsche Landesbank am Friedrichswall (LB Building ) in Hannover, Germany. The architect is Behnisch, Behnisch & Partner

Through the study of LB Building, by materials , space, structure. Environment
discussion dystopia, atmosphere, and affect
How these things influence people.
And the relationship between dystopia and utopia, (maybe affect to sustainability)

The most important is study the LB building in Hannover, Germany

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You have been commissioned to design and create a database system in MySQL for storing the information of all athletes and their participation in the Olympic games held over the past years

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– justified assumptions, findings and recommendation
– A spreadsheet model (in Excel), showing all numerical assumptions, steps of the estimation,
final company’s valuation, and scenario analysis
Note: Need excel file too

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Assessment 3: Individual Case Analysis
For the semester, yYou will have opportunities to discuss a number of cases during tutorial sessions. At the end of semester (Week 12), a particular case will be provided for you to analyse along with a few number of discussion questions. Based on the case given, you will be required to write up an analysis and submit it to Turnitin by the due date. A hard copy of analysis with cover sheet is also to be submitted to assignment box on 4th floor WH building by 5:00 pm, Friday, 6th 24h June October 2014 at the very latest. It is recommended that you use the concepts being studied through the semester and present your opinions with justification.
This assessment should adhere to the following guidelines:
• This is an major (individual) assessment which means you need to do on your own.
• Approximately At least (but not limited to) 2,500 words (single-spaced, Times New Roman, 12 font)
• It must be submitted on time (Please refer to the programme manual for penalties for late submission)

Marking Guide – Individual Case Analysis (Marking Guide subject to change)
Mark allocation Student ID:
1550 Understanding on of the case
• Introduction – Introduce the topic, theory, purpose and intent
• Literature review: Understanding on the context – a literature review of the main topic and associated themes demonstrating your understanding of the topic, underpinning theory with correct APA 6 referencing, a minimum of 10 journal articles. Only academic sources to be used.
• Identifying key issues of the case

•
7035 Answering discussion questions with relevant justification
• A literature review of the main topic comprising at least 10 journal articles
• Well formulated synthesised (combined) narrative discussion, valid and well-argued responses with theoretical / factual backup to justify your argument.
• Logical flow of the argument
• Level of critical thinking – evidence based

15 Literary Style & APA 6th Referencing
• Coherent, well structured and grammatically error free

100
= X 0.4 = Marks (weighted grade)

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this Assignment is reflection learning log about three activity we did in the class it must include critical reflection on my personal and academic theory should included too I have send a sample if you please can follow the same criteria and structure I will be appreciate it .

The log is a personal and analytical record of skill development gained through experiential learning. It is designed to encourage reflection on experience, and to enhance self awareness. The objective of the log is to enable students to focus on the development of their personal and professional skills and to develop these alongside the more theoretical focus of the rest of the programme. There should be eevidence of personal reflection on any activity undertaken and evidence that you will do something differently as a result of reflecting on that experience.

(Learning log structure)
activity (1) 750 words
this activity is a group presentation we did in the class we were 5 student from different countries and the topic was (how diversity might impact on team working in a workplace )
activity (2) 750 word
this activity was( Belbin team role report ) I will upload the report to you to write about this activity
activity (3) 750 words
THIS SAMPLE OF ACTIVITY THREE FROM OTHER STUDENT WORK PLEASE NOTIC THIS SAMPL IS NOT PERFECT FOR ACTIVITY 3 PLEASE FOLLOW THE SAMPLE I will upload this just to let you know about what is the activity 3 about Randomia Balloon Factory
– Aim: To comprehend the importance of cross cultural differences.

Objectives:
– To examine the role of management from other background nations.
– To recognise the training values, limitations of workers from nation to another.

Background:
This activity was about the purchase of The Randomia Balloon Factory by the Richland Toy and Game Corporation. We did this interesting exercise as part of understanding diversity lecture. However, my role was known as a trainer coming over from Richland to oversee the production difficulties of the bought Randomia Balloon Factory in Randomia. Thus, cross-cultural implications should receive more attention, especially when it comes to operating oversees.

Process:

On the event, the class was divided into two groups: trainers and workers. As a trainer my colleagues and I were conducting an investigation upon the decrease of the production line in the factory. Before this we sat our objectives and the questions that we are likely to raise to determine the causes, and from where the investigation will start. At the end, we eventually met the workers in groups and individually to precisely examine the investigation outcome.

Analysis of Learning:

For me the cultural differences are something I myself went through, as a foreign student in different country, cultures and with the language barrier as well. Nonetheless, I have never witnessed those complications in the work place, which I personally think is more difficult rather than being a student, with healthier atmosphere in the university around me. Why is it important to be considered? This is because it plays a vital role when it comes to working with people from different backgrounds. As Reynolds and Valentine (2011) asserted that in some cultures, individualism is emphasised, while in others, collectivism is adapted resulting in gaining the best out of group rather than an individual effort.
On the other hand, as aforementioned the activity was very interesting, as I was picked along with other five students by tutor to represent trainers. Whereas, the rest of the class representing two third of the class were acting as workers in the Balloon Factory. Our task was to address the issue of shortage in the production line. Then, we had a short meeting to see what questions shall we raise, and to whom. Afterwards, we went into the stimulating factory and each one of us will speak to at least two or three workers individually. However, we were surprised by what we saw, as workers had barely made any eye-contact, so my first impression was that workers were blind! When we asked them certain questions, also no straightforward answer has been received. That twist make us use a different technique, as soon as we got back again the in factory trying to cross-examine key workers as well as the supervisor. We did not expect to see such a massive resilience from workers to speak up about their issues. Most importantly, in the last visit, we realised that the management is to blame for harsh conditions for workers, as workers were told by the management not to disclose any information, with respect to the reduction in the productivity. That illustrates the vital role which the management plays in terms of positively or negatively impacting the competitiveness and productivity among workers (Browaeys and Price, 2008). This leads us to the vivid fact that a satisfied worker can work more efficiently, which was not the case in the factory. Hence, as a trainer you have to ensure that workers receive a considerable support from managers, who have to know the value of workers within the organisation, emotions and their limitations.

Future Development:

For the future, I have to enhance my reflective instinct in regard to spotting problems and act upon them. This will make me become well-aware of the process of identifying issues, resulting in moving my concentration to the next level, which is how to address those concerns. Nevertheless, it is not an easy job to accomplish, but that might require more time and experience to be a professional trainers.

PLEASE FOLLOW THIS USFULE POINTS
1Focus on the ‘WHY’ in your analysis – consider reasons for actions/feelings and conditions/circumstances that underwrote or enabled them.
Development of SKILLS – longitudinal analysis
Whilst the accounts in the log should explain the activities and your involvement in these, the emphasis should be on discussion and analysis of the learning and skills development arising out of the experiences.
Unlike other assignments and reports, it is normally written in the first person, i.e. “I did this …I found that……”.
Students are still expected to make reference to theory in the log; for example, you may choose to discuss learning styles, your Belbin team role etc and if you do, these terms should be referenced.
It is important to be detailed and analytical in your comments especially in the analysis of learning. Try to write up your review and analysis of each activity promptly – it will be easier to do this while everything is fresh in your mind.

important to follow this format

The following is suggested as a format for each of the log activity elements : Activities
Objectives
This should clearly state your overall aim for the activity.e.g. “To develop my skill in managing conflict”. You should then present more detailed skill development objectives, highlighting particular skills, behaviours, knowledge etc that you wished to develop during the activity e.g. to develop effective questioning technique; to develop effective active listening skills; to communicate assertively when challenged. These are only examples and your own focus may be slightly different, however identifying particular skills will allow you analyse each of the aspects of the activity more thoroughly and to assess where further develop is required.

Background
This should ‘set the scene’ and give a concise background to the activity. What wass it, what led up to it, why was it happening? Your own background should also be mentioned: what previous experience have you had in this or similar activities? What was your own role in this activity: are you in charge of the event, assisting or advising someone else, or merely observing (note that none of these is any less valid than another – it serves to explain your role in the process.)

Process
A brief summary of the event. Try to set out what actually happened: who did what, when, who said what; how it ended – a factual account of the events as you saw them. Try to limit this to a single paragraph. The emphasis should be on the next section.
19

Analysis of Learning
This should be an account of your reflection on the activity and the learning points in terms of skills required. Refer to your learning objectives and try to have a detailed discussion of the skills, rather than just an overview. It should be analytical – break down the skills. For example, ‘negotiation’ is not just one skill – it involves preparation, listening, asking questions, seeking clarification, stating preferences, bargaining, summarising, checking understanding, etc.
Below are some questions to help you to reflect: your answers to these questions can be used to inform your write up of this section.
 What did you do and why?
 What went well and why?
 What were the difficulties encountered? Why?
 What was surprising to you?
 What did you enjoy / not enjoy?
 What did you notice about your feelings and reactions at the time? (feelings
obviously affect behaviour and can therefore affect skills and performance?
 What did you observe about the behaviour of others? (good or bad)
 How did you perform as a team? (if relevant)
 What did you notice about others’ performance?
 How did other groups perform as a team?
 What would you do differently next time?
These are suggestions to help you to reflect – please note that these may not all be relevant for every activity and your log should be more than a list of answers to these questions
You should try to be honest, personal and critical in your comments on skills. You are not expected to completely develop complex skills having undertaking an activity once; the Learning Log is less concerned with the outcome of an activity and more with the learning process which you went through at the time and your subsequent reflection upon it. As such, the log is not about performance measurement – you will achieve a higher mark by reflecting on the learning from failure than by describing your success in an activity.

Future Development
Thinking about the learning points from the previous section and summarise here what aspects you still need to develop. Identify any future opportunities there might be to develop the skills involved. This should not be a ‘wish list’ –be realistic. What

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