Category: Essays

Question Set #1

Please provide question followed by the answers.

Cite references as per APA guidelines.

Base answers on this discussion

Globalization is a contributing factor to the spread of democracy or democratic principles. According to Payne (2011), globalization contributes to weakening the power of centralized government and helps to empower citizens by fostering economic prosperity, the acquisition of private property, and increased access to information. But globalization is also widely perceived as undermining democracy by weakening governments’ control over many issues, thereby diminishing the effectiveness of citizen participation in the democratic process. Increasingly, at the global level, organizations that are not representative of the people are making decisions that have profound and global consequences for ordinary people.

Payne, R.J. (2011). Global issues: politics, economics, and culture. (3rd ed.). London. Pearson
Education.

135-words: Can you think of a success story of a country going from dictator/communist regime to a democracy?

Question Set #2:

Base answers on this discussion

Mahbubani (2009) discusses how the “League of Democracies” will enable liberal democracies to work together to promote their values and interests. Some people believe it is foolish to think by liberating Iraq will promote democracy. Ninety percent of the world’s population who live outside the West will feel alienated by America advocating democracy (Mahbubani, 2009).

Link: Mahbubani, K. (2009, Spring). The dangers of democratic delusions. Ethics & International Affairs, 23(1), 19-25.

135-words: What are your thoughts about America being a strong advocate for a “League of Democracies”?

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SCENARIO CONTINUATION:

It’s New Year’s Day, 2016. You just had a great New Year’s Eve celebration, having finished analyzing the performance of Clipboard Tablet Company, and are ready to charge ahead into the future. You turn on the TV and notice something strange (again). The TV commentator is saying something about New Year’s Day, 2012, and you realize that you are in Time Warp 2.

Your decision-making process will be different this time, as you will be using CVP analysis, a technique with which you recently became familiar.

You analyze the results of the first set of decisions you made in Time Warp 1, from 2012 to 2015. You use CVP analysis to help determine a new strategy, employing the CVP Calculator.

You analyze the results using CVP and develop your complete four-year strategy, making notes about your analysis and your reasoning process, just in case you have to do this again.

You finish the report that shows your strategy for the next four years during Time Warp 2.

Do not run the simulation yet; just turn in the report.

Session Long Project

Write a 4- to 6-page paper, not including cover and reference page, in which, after again reviewing and analyzing the results that you got in SLP2 (Time Warp 1 decisions), you develop a revised strategy and make a case for this new strategy using analysis and relevant theories.

KEYS TO THE ASSIGNMENT

The key aspects of this assignment that should be covered and taken into account in preparing your paper include:
•The revised strategy consists of the Prices, R&D Allocation %, and any product discontinuations for the X5, X6, and X7 tablets for each of the four years: 2012, 2013, 2014, and 2015.
•You must present a rational justification for this strategy. In other words, you must make a case for your proposed strategy using financial analysis and relevant theories.
•Use the CVP Calculator and review the PowerPoint that explains CVP and provides some examples.
•You need to crunch some numbers (CVP Analysis) to help you determine your prices and R&D allocations.
•Make sure your proposed changes in strategy are firmly based in this analysis of financial and market data and sound business principles.
•Present your analysis professionally making strategic use of tables, charts and graphs.
•Time Line Summary:

SLP1
•2015: Hired on December 15.
•Turned in first report to Sally a few days early on December 30.
•Celebrated on December 31.

SLP2
•Time Warp 1 begins: January 1, 2016 warps into January 1, 2012.
•You realize you have to make decisions for 2012 – 2015, which you do.
•December 31, 2015 – You have gone through all four years, and you write your report to summarize how you did. You are hoping that you will wake up tomorrow and it will be 2016.

SLP3
•Time Warp 2 begins: January 1, 2016 warps into January 1, 2012. (Again)
•Now it is January 1, 2012: You decide to use CVP analysis and develop a four-year plan for your strategy. You analyze the results of your first decisions in Time Warp 1 and make notes. You use the CVP Calculator to help develop a strategy, and make more notes explaining your logic and analysis.

SLP Assignment Expectations

Your paper will be evaluated on the following seven points:
•Breadth – Is the full breadth of the subject, that is, the Keys to the Assignment, addressed?
•Depth – Does the paper address the topic in sufficient depth and include the background reading and other background resources as references?
•Critical thinking – Is the subject thought about critically, that is, accurately, logically, relevantly, and precisely?
•Clarity – Is the writing clear and are the concepts articulated properly? Are paraphrasing and synthesis of concepts the primary means of responding to the questions or are points conveyed through excessive use of quotations?
•Organization – Is the paper well written? Are the grammar, spelling, and vocabulary appropriate for graduate-level work? Are headings included in all papers longer than two pages?
•Referencing (citations and references) – Does the paper include citations and quotation marks where appropriate? Are the references from the background reading and assignment present and properly cited? Are all the references listed in the bibliography present and referred to via citation?
•Application – Are the concepts of the module appropriately applied to the subject?

TIPS AND SUGGESTIONS

Please note the following tips and suggestions:

You might find these downloads useful:

Decision Matrix Table – Download this Word doc with a blank table you can use to show your proposed strategy decisions.

PowerPoint discussing CVP – Provides a good overview of Cost Volume Profit analysis, the various equations that you can use, and how to use it. Some examples are provided showing how to use the CVP Calculator.

CVP Calculator – This an Excel-based calculator that you can use to determine prices, volumes, and profits. Keep in mind that it will tell you what need, but the market determines what you actually get.
•Include a cover page and reference page, in addition to the 4-6 pages of analysis described above.
•Include headings for all papers greater than two pages (basically all papers), but do not use headings as “space fillers.”
•Cite and reference all sources that you use in your work, including those that you paraphrase. This means include citations and quotation marks for direct quotes of more than five words, and citations for that information which you have “borrowed” or paraphrased from other sources.
Nadler, D. A. & Tushman, M. L. (1980) A Model for Diagnosing Organizational Behavior. Organizational Dynamics, 9 (2), 35-51. Retrieved on November 7, 2012 from EBSCO.

According to the authors, “Our congruence model of organizational behavior is based on how well components fit together – that is the congruence among components; the effectiveness of this model is based on the quality of these ‘fits’ or ‘congruence.’ (p.39).

From the reading, you will note that there are four input categories. They are as follows:
1.Environment (factors external to the organization);
2.Resources (factors internal to the organization);
3.Organizational history (Persistent Traditions); and
4.Strategy (goals, objectives and strategic initiatives) .

If the link to the article does not work, it is probably because your computer does not allow “cookies” which would let you connect directly to the library. In such a case, you will need to connect manually to the appropriate database.

Optional Reading

The following is an interesting, updated, and highly recommended peer-reviewed journal article relating to organizational diagnosis. Following is the Abstract:

Abstract:

Using an operational framework, the diagnostic funnel is introduced, which prescribes the appropriate actions of a process consultant in conducting an organizational diagnosis. The diagnostic funnel comprises the four actions of (a) selecting a general diagnostic model, (b) collecting data that minimizes bias, (c) analyzing the data to reduce the likelihood of error, and (d) deriving a unique diagnostic paradigm, specific to the organization under study. It is argued that the actions described by the diagnostic funnel will result in a diagnosis that achieves a high level of scientific rigor. To provide a detailed description of the diagnostic funnel, a case example of an organizational diagnosis is presented.

Gregory, B. T., Armenakis, A. A., Moates, K., Albritton, M., & Harris, S. G. (2007). Achieving Scientific Rigor in Organizational Diagnosis: An Application of the Diagnostic Funnel. Consulting Psychology Journal: Practice & Research, 59(2), 79-90. https://organized-change-consultancy.wikispaces.com/file/view/Diagnostic%20Funnel.pdf/113982643/Diagnostic%20Funnel.pdf.

There are no reading assignments for the SLP

However, if you need a refresher on various theories (product life cycle, pricing, price elasticity, market saturation, product development, etc.) there are a multitude on the Internet.

Optional Review Materials

Once again, a small sample of Internet materials that may help you throughout the course can be accessed at https://www.investopedia.com/university/ratios/#axzz2JNe7QCr3 and https://www.sveiby.com/articles/IntangibleMethods.htm . This can serve as a complement to previous course materials. You are encouraged to supplement this list if you need additional refreshers.

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INSTRUCTIONS
Select two of those six sources provided below and create annotated bibliographies of the two sources
PLEASE TAKE NOTE THAT EACH ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHIES OF EACH SOURCE CANNOT BE MORE THAN 200 WORDS, ELSE WILL BE PENALIZED!

Please work on the annotated bibliography on this source 1: Jablonski, J. (2005). “Seeing technical communication from a career perspective: The implications of career theory for technical communication theory, practice, and curriculum design.” Journal of Business and Technical Communication, 19; 5–41.

Please work on the annotated bibliography on this source 2: Cleary, Y. (2012). “Discussions about the Technical Communication Profession: Perspectives from the Blogosphere.” Technical Communication. 59, (1); 8-28.

PLEASE TAKE NOTE THAT THESE 2 ARTICLES WILL BE PROVIDED.

IN THE REFERENCE PAGE, PLEASE INCLUDE ALL THESE SIX SOURCES:

• Cleary, Y. (2012). “Discussions about the Technical Communication Profession: Perspectives from the Blogosphere.” Technical Communication. 59, (1); 8-28.

• Coppola, N. (2010). “The Technical Communication Body of Knowledge initiative: An Academic practitioner partnership.” Technical Communication, 57; 11–25.

• Hart-Davidson, W. (2010). “On writing, technical communication, and information Technology: The core competencies of technical communication.” Technical Communication, 48; 145–155.

• Jablonski, J. (2005). “Seeing technical communication from a career perspective: The implications of career theory for technical communication theory, practice, and curriculum design.” Journal of Business and Technical Communication, 19; 5–41.

• Cerand, Lauren. (2011) “Social media for authors: forever in search of buzz,” Poets & Writers Magazine 39(3); 71–75.

• Davidson, Elizabeth and Vaast, Emmanuelle. (2009) “Tech talk: An investigation of blogging in technology innovation discourse.” IEEE Transactions on Professional Communication, 52; 40–60.

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In Module 2, we move from deontological ethics to teleological—or consequentialist—ethics. In consequentialist (teleological) ethics, it is the outcome, or consequences, of an act that determine whether that act is good or evil. Utilitarianism (the philosophy of such well-known individuals as John Stuart Mill and Jeremy Bentham) is consequentialist in nature. Ethical egoism is also considered to be a consequentialist philosophy.

The Greek word telos is translated to mean “end” or “purpose.” Consequently, teleological ethics are concerned with the ends or purposes of an act (this in opposition to deontological ethics which, as we have learned, are concerned with one’s duty to act or not to act).

Required Reading

Read about Jeremy Bentham, the father of utilitarianism, here: https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/utilitarianism-history/#JerBen

Please review the following links (from the Seven Oaks Philosophy and Professor Charles D. Kay) on teleological ethics in general and ethical egoism and utilitarianism more specifically:

https://www.sevenoaksphilosophy.org/ethics/teleology.html

https://www.sevenoaksphilosophy.org/ethics/egoism.html

https://webs.wofford.edu/kaycd/ethics/util.htm

Now, let’s read the following article from the Markkula Center of Applied Ethics:

https://www.scu.edu/ethics/practicing/decision/calculating.html

We are going to focus here on the Utility Test:https://ethicsops.com/UtilityTest.php

Note that there are several other tests as well: the Rights Test, the Justice, Test, and the Choices Test, among others. Please navigate through a few of these as well – you may do so at the following link: https://ethicsops.com/EthicsTestsLinks.php. You will use one of these tests in your evaluation of Module 2 Case.

For now, let’s concentrate on how the Utility Test may be operationalized by reviewing the following two examples:

https://ethicsops.com/LessSugarMarketing.php

https://ethicsops.com/PhantomExpenses.php

Optional

Professor Wofford’s notes on ethical egoism may be found at the following site:

https://webs.wofford.edu/kaycd/ethics/egoism.htm

This YouTube video is a particularly good overview of egoism and utilitarianism (restated, both are forms of teleological ethics):

Assignment Overview

In the Module 2 Case, we will apply utilitarian ethics to an organizational problem. In order to be best prepared and perform well on the case assignments, please be sure that you complete the Background Information readings and the SLP before completing your Case.

Read the following excerpt concerning the philosopher Jeremy Bentham, the father of utilitarian ethics: https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/utilitarianism-history/#JerBen

Please read the following case study from the Markkala Center for Applied Ethics:

https://www.scu.edu/ethics/dialogue/candc/cases/supplier.html

Here is the actual outcome:

https://www.scu.edu/ethics/dialogue/candc/cases/supplier_comments.html

Case Assignment

Please write a 5- to 6-page paper in which you address the following:

Drawing upon utilitarian ethics, discuss what you believe the supplier/transistor company should do.

Keys to the Assignment

The key aspects of this assignment that should be covered in your paper include the following:
•What do you believe is/are the key utilitarian ethical problem(s) confronting the supplier/transistor company in this Case?
•What advice do you believe Jeremy Bentham would have given the supplier company?
•Apply Steps A through D of the Utility Test to the above case. Be sure that you carefully document each step in the process.
•Choose one of the following five tests: Rights Test, Exceptions Test, Choices Test, Justice Test, or the Common Good Test. Click here: https://ethicsops.com/EthicsTestsLinks.php . Now, apply the test you’ve chosen to the above case. In your paper, be sure that you have fully discussed your decisions at each step.
•Compare and contrast the results you have obtained from the Utility Test with the additional test you have selected. Which of the two tests is most informative, and why?

Assignment Expectations

Your paper will be evaluated using the following five (5) criteria:
•Assignment-Driven Criteria (Precision and Breadth): Does the paper fully address all Keys to the Assignment? Are the concepts behind the Keys to the Assignment addressed accurately and precisely using sound logic? Does the paper meet minimum length requirements?
•Critical Thinking (Critical Thinking and Depth): Does the paper demonstrate graduate-level analysis, in which information derived from multiple sources, expert opinions, and assumptions has been critically evaluated and synthesized in the formulation of a logical set of conclusions? Does the paper address the topic with sufficient depth of discussion and analysis?
•Business Writing (Clarity and Organization): Is the paper well written (clear, developed logically, and well organized)? Are the grammar, spelling, and vocabulary appropriate for graduate-level work? Are section headings included in all papers? Are paraphrasing and synthesis of concepts the primary means of responding to the Keys to the Assignment, or is justification/support instead conveyed through excessive use of direct quotations?
•Effective Use of Information (Information Literacy and References): Does the paper demonstrate that the student has read, understood and can apply the background materials for the module? If required, has the student demonstrated effective research, as evidenced by student’s use of relevant and quality (library?) sources? Do additional sources used in paper provide strong support for conclusions drawn, and do they help in shaping the overall paper?
•Citing Sources: Does the student demonstrate understanding of APA Style of referencing, by inclusion of proper end references and in-text citations (for paraphrased text and direct quotations) as appropriate? Have all sources (e.g., references used from the Background page, the assignment readings, and outside research) been included, and are these properly cited? Have all end references been included within the body of the paper as in-text citations?

Tips and Suggestions
1.Your paper will be graded on the following: ◦Your ability to apply utilitarianism to the decision faced by the transistor/supplier company;
◦Your ability to apply the Utility Test and your choice of the five tests to the problem confronting the supplier;
◦The extent to which you have logically and critically compared and contrasted the results from the two tests; and
◦Your assessment as to which of the two tests best informs the Case.

2.Please do not simply restate the facts of the Case. Instead, be sure to analyze! Critical analysis is key at the graduate level.
3.Remember to follow the Student Guide to Writing a High-Quality Academic Paper guidelines.

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Case Study 1:
A 23-year-old Caucasian female presents with concerns about mood swings around the time of her menses. She believes she has PMS and wants to know if there is medication to control it.

an explanation of the contraception treatment that would be most appropriate for the patient in the case study 1 and explain why. Explain how you might work with patients who do not agree with your recommendations

3 References/Graduate level

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Explanation History of India’s pharmaceutical industry
Benefits to US pharmaceutical companies and U.S. consumer?
Who lost as a result of India’s pharmaceutical rise? How has trade been effected? Do the trade benefits outweigh the losses? What international trade theory best explains the rise of India as a major exporter of pharmaceuticals

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The goal of this case study is to get you to consider why or how failures in self regulation could occur.

Janie, a person with an avoidant temperament approaches you, a clinical psychologist, and indicates that she is having an anxiety problem. Specifically, she suffers from “generalized anxiety” which means that she is chronically anxious and really doesn’t know why. In other words, nothing in her environment triggers anxiety, per se, she just feels anxious all the time.

Why should this make sense to you, knowing that she has an avoidant, rather than an approach temperament?

You decide to use a cognitive therapy strategy to assist her in alleviating her anxiety. In preparation for your first counseling session, you create a cybernetic behavioral and affective feedback loop that would indicate how an anxiety disorder would occur (NOTE: the KIND of behavior feedback loop you use is critical to understanding this task)

So, pick you behavior loop. Next indicate how a malfunction in the components would likely create chronic anxiety that would lead to her anxiety disorder. Look at each component, consider how it should function for a person to have a normal affective life, and then consider how that specific component could work improperly, thereby causing an erroneous affective output.

After identifying all of the possible malfunctions, focus in on one and formulate a strategy to help her regain adaptive self regulation that would decrease her anxiety disorder.

Discuss your thoughts with your group, then post your collective feedback loop and explanation of the malfunction within the class discussion.

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Research Paper 1: Select one of the five essay questions (100 points)

1. What was controversial about the expeditions of Christopher Columbus to the so-called “New World”? What motivations prompted the European governments to fund expeditions for explorers such as Columbus or John Cabot over the next several generations? What type of money-making ventures proved to be highly profitable in the Americas? Describe how the Native American population was affected by the European settlements and the Columbian exchange.

2. Describe the English settlements during the 1600s and 1700s along the Atlantic coast of the modern-day United States. What were the four distinct regions and what were some differences between them? What conditions prompted certain people to move to the English colonies, including voluntary immigrants, indentured servants, and slaves. How did the colonies become more profitable for England’s government by the 1700s?

3. Describe the series of taxes and regulations that the English government imposed on the American colonies during the 1700s. What specific economic policies were incorporated by the English government during and after the 1760s? What global war and post-war circumstances prompted the English government to impose these policies? Provide examples of American protests and aggravations against the English. Also explain the steps American statesmen took that eventually led to independent declaration from England.

4. Describe the factors that caused the U.S. government to transition from the Articles of Confederation to the Constitution. What issues during the 1780s in relation to the status of state governments and the Federal government influenced the transition? Outline the three portions of the U.S. Constitution and the manner in which the current U.S. government is structured.

5. Explain the status of the United States economy during the late 1700s and early 1800s, and what burdens existed on the high seas for American merchant sailors? How did the ‘cotton gin’ contribute to the improvement of the U.S. economy and the increase of slaves? What two nations did the U.S. economy rely on most in relation to foreign trade? What economic influences prompted opposing political factions?

Writing Instructions:

1. Choose 1 of the 5 essay questions to answer.
2. Write 3-5 pages to explain your position.
3. Paragraphs in this assignment need at least 5 sentences.
4. Type and double-space your answers.
5. Use at least two academic sources to support your answer. (The textbook and/or notes from class may be used as references). Do not use Wikipedia or Facebook or any other non-academic sources. Consult the professor if you have any questions about what qualifies as an academic source
6. Use parenthetical citation format within your essay anytime you use one of your sources.
7. Provide a work cited page in addition to your 3-5 pages essay.

Citation examples:

The Northwest Ordinance of 1787 helped influence anti-slavery attitudes in the North due to its stated policy that slavery was prohibited in new states north of the Ohio River (Brands, Breen, Williams, and Gross, p. 144).

The Articles of Confederation was replaced with the U.S. Constitution in part because the federal government lacked the central authority and tax collecting initiative needed to stabilize the infant nation (notes from class).

**After using a source with multiple authors more than once, you are able to shorten the citation by writing the first author’s name and then “et al”. This is a Latin term meaning “and others”.

Example: 17th and 18th century New England women were presented with greater financial opportunities through involvement in poultry sales (Brands et al., p. 58).

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Select an article that discusses the issue of scarce resources— supply shortage, anticipated retirement, leadership succession, generational preferences, and so forth—and that suggests at least one strategy for addressing the problem. (Do not use the nursing shortage)

Write a 350- to 700-word editorial response to the article, citing your agreements or disagreements and suggesting one new strategy to resolve the issue.

Plan to discuss your analysis in class. The following is a suggested outline for the assignment:
•Define the issue.
•Describe five influencing factors.
•Cite the data from three or more sources to support the importance of the issue.
•Address the challenges and consequences of not addressing the issue.
•Propose a solution or innovation.
•Define economic investment needed and why the lay public should join in these efforts.

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Undergraduate, must have 5 total sources, 3 library sources preferably from MNSU library. Clear Thesis /Focus, Organization & Content / Introduction & Conclusion / Clear Topic Sentences,Required Number of Appropriate Sources, Variety of Sources / Synthesized & Well Placed, Style (Third Person, Word Choice, Tense and Transitions, Contractions) / Sentence Structure Grammar, Punctuation and Mechanics MLA Format (In-text Citations, margins, spacing), Works Cited

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