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Latin America

Introduction

            For many years, there have been continuous debates regarding laws in different countries. It is a matter of fact that, laws differ in various countries. Generally, laws are used to govern the country from crime and as a result, the laws introduce various punishments concerning crime. In this regard, this paper seeks to answer various questions regarding Mexicans citizens on death row in the U.S who are not given rights according to an international treaty.

1. What are the main concerns in the case regarding the international court of justice

Involving the Mexicans citizens on death row in the U.S who are not given rights according to an international treaty

It is a well documented that, in the international court of Justice, United States was sued by Mexico on behalf of its citizens that had been sentenced to death lacking their consulate informed. With this regard, the court highlighted that, the United States did a blunder and for this reason, they required that their case to be reopened. At the start, the United State government illustrated Mexico’s suit to be unjustified concerning criminal justice system. With this in mind, Mr. Torres is among the fifty-two individuals subset to the death penalty.

In conjunction with this, Mexico proclaimed that, the U.S has violated fair treatment concerning foreigners arrested within their country. Mexico have sought to void the fifty convictions along with the death sentence opposing that, its citizens are denied the right to meet promptly with Mexicans diplomats. Additionally, Mexico outlines that; it offers important cultural bridge in situations when its citizens are entangled within the American criminal justice policy. This is because, the defendants are often distrustful, confused, and; not fluent in English as well as perplexed by American procedure. When notified, the Mexican, the Mexican Government Issue lawyers, investigators and translators, which are valuable in the sentencing, phase within capital cases.

This seem to be sidelined in United State in that, there are one hundred and two foreign citizens from thirty-one countries on death row. Interestingly, almost half of the numbers of victims under the death penalty are from Mexico. With this in mind, the core issue in the case is concerning the United States violating the treaty in the fifty-two individuals. The death penalty was not applied in Mexico’s army from 1961 and; it was theoretically reserved serious dereliction or worst offences.

1. Is U.S sovereignty at stake

The United State sovereignty is at stake in that, research indicates the large majority of the death sentenced in the US. For instance, in 2001, the similar case occurred by Germany to stop execution of two Germany regarding the death penalty approach. Additionally, the U.S sovereignty may be at risk in that, in all cases, which involve capital punishment, it is essential for the judiciary and executive branches of the government guarantee that, the major sentences do not gainsay the substantial civil rights, international rights and the principles of international law. In this case, the United State seems to overlook this aspect.

From my point of view, the country may stake in that; death penalty is not the only effective means of detecting a crime. This tends to cheapen human life in addition, the government is put on the same morals of cheapening human being’s lives. Ironically, by Mexico seeking to void the fifty convictions of their citizens; for being denied their rights to meet the Mexicans diplomats; seem a hazard to the U.S government. From this aspect, the United State being influential to other countries, may affect other countries to deny foreigner rights.

 

1. If you were the governor of the state like Texas where some of these Mexicans citizens are on death row what would your position be? What factors would you need to take into consideration

Being the governor of the state of Texas where some of the Mexicans have been given death penalties, I would first consider what the Mexicans citizens had done to be issued death penalties. After accessing the accusation, I would ensure that suitable treatment is given to the Mexicans citizens. This would be achieved by judging the wrong act and; later I would consider if the victims had committed the crime in Texas. If yes, we would negotiate with the United State government on the suitable punishment to be issued.

In conjunction with this, I would put into consideration various factors when judging the victims. As discussed previously, I would find out the crime reasons and the family background of the victims. This would help to come up with the best punishment and charges over the consequences of the crime. For instance, if the victim is poor, with no doubts it might be challenging to pay a million charges.

It would be tricky on my part, to consider the suspects whose warrant of arrest has been issued. In that case, being the governor of Texas; would align with the United State punishment. It is important to note that; the judgment passed would be considered by, the crime committed by the suspects. Additionally, would also consider if the suspects has committed the crime previously. This will be fundamental in passing judgment in the case.

1. If you were the president of the United States, what can your position be? What factors would you need to take into consideration

In essence, if I were the president of United State, my main purpose would be to ensure that no laws of the country are violated. Because, death penalty is the capital punishment of the United States; I would choose to follow death penalty and save billions of people from being attacked from the suspects. However, in this case, it may be tricky to issue death penalties without putting into considerations some few factors. Particularly, in the issue of innocence, there are may be criticisms concerning death penalties. First, I would establish the act of the crime of the victims and confirm from the suspect country whether the crime was done previously. Would weigh the options of their innocence and the act of the crime as a result, come with the best punishment regarding the crime.

Captivatingly, in this case of Mexico’s that wait Hague Ruling towards death penalties is nuisance. First, Mr. Torres is among the individuals subset that belongs to subset of the death-row inmate on the struggle, which has crossed the national borders about death penalties. In this case, the two nations differ in issues of death penalties. It is borne in mind, Mexico does not compile with death penalties. In such a case, I would consider for the act was done. In this case, it is obvious that, the act was done in The United State. The next question I would impose; how long the suspects have been in the country. From the case, Mr. Torres lived in the US since he was five years old. Additionally, there are confirmations in the case that, he twice tried for the murder. In this case, would ensure death penalties are followed to protect American citizens.

1. What factors/issues did the international court of justice has to weigh when making their decisions

There area various factors that the international court of justice weighed when making their decisions. First, they weighed they did their investigations on the suspects. From their investigation, they found that; Mr. Torres had lived In the US since he was five years. Additionally, the suspect had already committed the crime twice. The crime was committed to a couple in which he did in the midst of their children. This trial ended in the mistrial in that, the suspect claimed innocently. In addition, they gave the Mr. Torres’s lawyer a chance to prove the suspect innocence.

When the lawyer raised Mr. Torres’s innocence, the court said that, it was too late for him to be proven innocent. As a result, they went on inquiring from different lawyers and attorney generals.

1. What do you think was there ruling? Why would they have made this rulling? Do you suspect that political consideration played a role in their decision making process

 

From my opinion, the ruling may have considered death penalties. This is because, there were evidence that showed the suspect offences. As discussed previously, investigations had an outlined of the suspect committing the crime earlier. There were also evidence that, the suspect had lived in the United State since he was five years. Actually, this showed that, the suspect had spent most of his life in the United States. With this regard, death penalties would be used in that, US would aim at protecting its citizens.

From my personal perceptive, political consideration never played their role in their decision-making process because, the United State government aim was to ensure that; justice prevails.

 

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Introduction

Job Analysis

            In essence, the fundamental purpose for conducting job analysis is to prepare job specification and description that assists to hire the right employees for quality workforce. In general, job analysis document, the requirement of job performed. This is usually performed as the basis for developing performance appraisals for the job. Job analysis is fundamental in all manners. It answers questions that regard on why the job exist, the activities undertaken by workers, working conditions, qualifications required to perform the job, machinery used and the key to making a successful performance. The field of job analysis is carried out by the human resource management. In the field of HRM, job analysis enhances qualified workers for effective work performance. Human resource should have a strategic plan in job design that includes the following.

Human Resource role and strategic plan in job designing

            In his article, a new mandate for human resources, 2011, Ulrich argues that the Human Resource should set clear priorities in the organization, which in turn assist in knowing what the company ought to achieve. In doing this, he requires to work to together with other operating managers to come up with a clear picture of what the company intends to achieve. In this regard, the objectives of an organization assist in knowing the required employees to meet the projected objective. This implies that, with an understanding of what the organization ought to achieve, the management will know the required qualifications and work experiences during job analysis. With this in mind, we can outline that, having the goals and priorities is the key towards a successful job design (Ulrich 125).

Secondly, the HR should be accountable in conducting the organization audit. With this in mind, it can help in identifying what requires immediate improvement. Additionally, it assists in identifying company sections that require a change to facilitate strategy execution. Based on this argument, there will be a clear picture for who is needed with suitable requirement. Therefore, this will set a strategic direction during recruitment and job design. Thirdly, the HR should define the organization in terms of its culture, competencies and work processes. As argued by Ulrich, this model guides in defining the company in detail, which in return assist in informing the recruited employees what is required for them. When conditions are unfavorable, then an individual may opt for an alternative. Based on this argument, there are benefits that emerge from having job analysis, job specification sheet and job specification as discussed below.

Importance

            To start with, there are advantages that emerge from job analysis, job descriptions and specification that include responding to the organization change. This implies that, if the organization intends to create effective team; then, this will be achieved in highlighting the requirements that align from the desired change. This will eliminate unproductive employees who may not be effective in improving the overall performance of an organization. Additionally, through job specification, it enables employees to know what is required of them in addition, it reduces conflict cases among colleagues that may emerge from unhealthy competition in the sense of the one who owe the best job position. In this case, when all employees are equipped with their respective duties, it will enhance harmony and commitment in work performance. Additionally, this enables management to know the person responsible in each job segment.

For instance, when auditing problems emerge, the audit is required to give information concerning audit. With this in mind, the Human Resource will know the overall progress of the company from different representatives within the company (Ulrich 127). Job descriptions outline the required skills, education and training required on the potential employee. This will also assist in the basis, for interviewing candidates. Eventually, it will assist in evaluating job performance and when orienting employee. It is important to note that, there are various objective formats behind skill description.

Objectives in the skill description

            The primary factor of skill descriptions is to make employees equipped with what they are required to do. In this regard, there are various formats used in specifying skills. First, the format should be outlined from the core job to the less demanding. With this in mind, it will help the employees to know, the most emphasized skill. This guideline will also help employees to know the order of priorities in terms of skills. Additionally, it will assist the organization to understand the skills required for a successful company. There are various reasons, which make the management have various specifications measuring the job as discussed below.

 

 

Reasons that contribute to identifying specifications for a job

            Quintessentially, the overall increase of work performance in the organization may make the management outline specific requirements. This may be done in ensuring that, an organization has qualified employees which in return, increases the overall work performance. Secondly, change may attribute to job specifications. For instance, the company may have endured loss previously because of unqualified employees (Jaruszewski 1). Based on this aspect, it may be wiser to have job specifications for the sake of the projected change.

Conclusion

            In conclusion, it is fundamental noting that, job analysis plays a major role in the organization. In this essence, Job analyses outline the required skills, education and training required on the potential employee. When this is achieved, it increases the overall work performance. As discussed in this paper, it essential to carry out effectively write job descriptions and job specification sheet in job analysis.

Work cited

Ulrich,Dave. A New Mandate for Human Resource. Harvard Business Review Journal.    Retrieved 22, April 2011 from:

            <https://mail.google.com/mail/h/yow9o0urj88m/?view=att&th=12f7cef2d14221c6&attid=0.2&disp=vah&realattid=f_gmt114if1&zw>

Jaruszewski, Naomi. Senior production Supervisor and description. Retrieved 22, April 2011        from:             <https://mail.google.com/mail/h/yow9o0urj88m/?view=att&th=12f7cef2d14221c6&attid            =0.6&disp=vah&realattid=f_gmt122tx5&zw>

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Issues Related To the Controlling Function

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It is a well documented that, controlling measures ensures that efficient and effective utilization of the management is achieved in a planned goal. This is done in four-step means that measures and report the actual performance and taking preventive actions to prevent poorly performing business. Controlling process consist of several steps that serve to achieve its objective. These activities include setting standard, developing measures to asess the objectives, assessing actual performance to measurable standards and taking corrective action. Based on my work experience in McDonalds, I have experienced various issues as related to controlling function. Therefore, this paper seeks to investigate controlling function in the aspect of McDonalds.

The first thing that struck me is that, the company has grown to the extent it has 32,000 restaurants in 118 countries in the entirely world. The company serves more that fifty eight million customers daily around the world. The annual sales for company-owned and Franchise restaurants have amounted to a total of $ 70 billion in 2008 and producing $ 6.4 billion in working income. Am proud as an employee of McDonald Company for the records we deliver globally. Honestly, the company has worked on convincing plans, which has enhanced the result we receive on a daily basis.

For instance, when the company started in 1955 by Ray Kroc, it only reflected on the United State in general. During the post World War II, gender and race equality were not often addressed. The company never allowed women to work in restaurants until 1960s. Societal issues within U.S began to emerge; and executives realized the challenge the company was facing. It was at this point; the company appreciated the value of diversity. This imposed the facts on, the importance of a strong along with an unwavering commitment which diverse from senior management. Since then, Ray Kroc has created a unique organization through creating a partnership of interests and teamwork. This has ensured that the company and employees are on track in making a successful company. As a result, all employees were working together, with a goal of making a successful company.

According to Principle of Management, controlling requires changes to be made wherever possible; McDonald Company has taken the initiative of training all employees to enhance quality work performance. With this in mind, the company has trained employees in various restaurant operations and indeed this has been essential in improving work performance. Interestingly, the company has gone to the extent of training all operators and store managers in advance on how to run a restaurant. With this in mind, our company has understood the value of training as a tool to accomplish business goals. Additionally, the company has trained all the women and minority employees ignored previously; to understand a personal success in the company. As a result, there has been equality in all manners, which in return has motivated all employees to be more productive. Simultaneously, the managers and Supervisors are trained occasionally, to understand and deal with diverse in the workforce.

Occasionally, there have been seminars and conferences in every region of the country to foster career development and relationships. This has enhanced knowledge of understanding the company culture and the progress. During those meetings, the company updates all employees in the company performance. As a result, all employees have known the progress that McDonald  is making. In this sense, employees are motivated to work harder for better performance (Harris, 2009).

Conclusion

             In conclusion, it is essential for all companies to be fully equipped with controlling function management. Borne in mind that, successful does not come easily, it is fundamental to come up with ways that will enhance the success. As discussed in paper, McDonald Company outlines what every company should do for effective work performance.

 

 

References

Harris, S. P. (2009). None of us is as good as all of us: how McDonald’s prospers by embracing     inclusion and diversity. New York: John Wiley and Sons

Principle of Management: The organization control process. 22 April 2011.

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Introduction

Philosophy

            In essence, Philosophy has been regarded as the study of fundamental problems that include questions connected to existence, language, justice, nature of man, if God exists and human happiness among others. The world Philosophy is derived from the Greek word translated “love of wisdom”. In this regard, there has been a contentious debate on Existence of God proposed by various philosophers. Within philosophical terminology, arguments against and for existence of God have involved theory of knowledge, nature of being with the concept of perfection. The debate concerning the existence of God has therefore, raised many philosophical and religion issues. In this regard, this paper seeks to examine two philosophers that explore philosophy knowledge in various topics pertaining human happiness, the nature of a man, what is justice, value of pursuing truth and the existence of God.

What constitutes human happiness?

            Descartes have accounted basic facts regarding what constitutes human happiness. From his argument, happiness is linked to mental and physical well being. In addition, he argues that, psychical illness is the most effectual way that denies human happiness. In this regard, he points out that, there are also domestic enemies that injure a human being and as a result; makes a human being sad. This implies that, a human being has to play a big role in ensuring that he or she lives a happy life. Based on this argument, Descartes gives some of the remedy that attributes to human happiness. First, he points out that, the first remedy relies on guiding our thoughts away from immediate objects that deny total happiness.

Given this, Descartes emphasizes that, although there may be countless reasons for distress, one should spend time of rest in the consideration for events that could add joy and contentment. This cognitive therapy is sufficient to restore the patient health especially those in distress and depression. Concerning this, he gives his own life experience of some few challenges he had undergone in life. He points out that, he inherited dry cough from his mother that stayed in his life until he was twenty. All the doctors he went to assumed he would die at the young age. In this regard, he points out that, this was a very trying moment, which was meant to destroy him and deny him happiness (Rorty 3).

What kept him focus and happy despite the challenging moment; was the inclination to look things from a better perceptive bearing in mind that, principle of happiness. T relies upon an individual. Eventually, this reversed the situation to the point that, the cough disappeared completely. These thoughts lead to the fervor of the soul in which he discusses to be what constitutes of human happiness. Additionally, he evaluates that, human happiness constitute of how an individual takes life and how he reacts in tough situations. This greatly contributes to perfect happiness of a human to enjoy life to the fullest. Descartes definition of happiness is the perfect contentment of mind with inner satisfaction that accompanies the practice of happiness virtue.

 

The nature of man

            The Catholic Church honors St Thomas Aquinas for his creative thinking and extraordinary holiness. St. Thomas Aquinas Summa Theological argues that, the nature of man consists of peculiar knowledge and will. Knowledge and will are vital in making life decisions. In addition, a human being is created in the likeness of God. From St Thomas Aquinas, this does not mean that human beings resemble God, it means human were perfectly good. Based on this argument, the concept of original goodness is based on humankind creation in God’s image.

Additionally, the concept of goodness is also looked upon God satisfaction on humanity creation that he pronounced perfectly. This implies that, God is good and he cannot create anything evil. This means that, the nature of a human being is good.  St. Thomas Aquinas Summa Theological argues that, although human being is naturally good, he has fallen of the unique state of incorruptibility. From this perspective, the disobedience of Eve and Adam brought the incorruptibility. This is mostly agreed upon consequences of psychical death in the World. Consequently, every human being is born with a tendency towards sin. This concludes that, initially, the nature of man was good but since Adam and Eve insubordination, the human being is born with a sinful nature. However, God has ensured that, an angel is given to each individual to guard on the basics of life. Angels according to St. Thomas Aquinas are pure spirits created by God with inexplicable divine wisdom. The angel work is to help the human being align to the will and likeness of God (Rorty 34).

 

 

 

God existence

            St. Thomas Aquinas points out that, an individual can find identity in God. This is achieved in knowing God and his existence. In this regard, God existence is proved by humanity creation. As said earlier, God created human being in his likeness and after creating the creation, he acclaimed it good. From this aspect, St. Thomas Aquinas outlines that, God is all-powerful and his existence is real. The theoretical theology of St Thomas Aquinas emphasizes that, God is omnipresent and he is the source of all understanding. The existence of God means that, he provides the intellectual meditation that accompanies our faith with God. Faith is what makes humankind know that, God exists. God existence is verified on how he provides humankind needs. With regard to this, he has been outlined the provider for human kind.

Additionally, God is a spiritual being. God is omnipresent and this is attributed by his nature of been a spirit. On the other hand, Descartes regards God to the immediate ground of man contentment. This implies that, the main content of our mind lies in God’s quintessence. From his argument, God controls everything that happens in nature. In this regard, he précised that, God influences human kind thinking in that, he is the foundation of all intellectual understanding. This is because, he is present in the human being soul. On the contrary, St Thomas rejects this understanding in that, although God is present in our soul, he not the proximate determinant of our actions. God has given every man a power of choice to distinguish the right and the wrong. The power of choice in the human being proves God’s existence.

 

 

What is justice?

            Descartes argue that, justice is regarded to be God’s will on humankind. He outlines that, justice is not the suitable relation between the ruler and the ruled, rather is what God purpose is on an individual. He gives an example of a servant working in a prince house and in this case, he is subjected to do anything if it is beneficial to the queen. He then imposes a question that, this may be hostile to the servant particularly if it is not God’s will. This aspect aligns with St Thomas Aquinas argument who thinks that, justice is attributed by God will. God’s will is referred to the suitable act in God’s sight. The will of God is what enables an individual to treat the other person, as he would love to be treated.

Saint Thomas Aquinas outlines that, when the mind of a human being undergoes justification, it should abandon sin and embrace justice through free will. In such preliminary meditation, it ensue the soul movement for general loathing of sins. Therefore, justice occurs when one has a personal relationship with God. Putting our reflection on this, we can conclude that, Justice refers to just actions that human beings do.

Value of pursuing truth

            In essence, St Thomas Aquinas project out that, only God can initiate us with the intellectual insight through which we know the truth. This has profound religious inspirations on the entire dependence on God. Descartes regards God to the immediate ground of man contentment in knowing the truth. St Thomas Aquinas view truth to what sets human kinds free. With this regard, these mediations are derived from the bible whereby it outlines that we shall no the truth and the truth shall set us a free. This implies that, truth has value of setting humankind free. Additionally, they argue that, God is the true foundation of what truth is all about.

Conclusion

            In conclusion, it indeed true that, people have different arguments concerning nature, God’s existence and definition of various virtues. As discussed in this paper, arguments differ on various topics. However, all arguments are essential in understanding different opinions that concern creation. As said earlier, philosophy assists to answer questions that are connected to God existence, language, justice, nature of man (Rorty 34). Therefore, the paper has sought to analyze two philosophers that explore philosophy knowledge in various topics pertaining human happiness, the nature of a man, what is justice, value of pursuing truth and the existence of God.

 

Work cited

Rorty, Amelie. Essays on Descartes’ Meditations. California: University of California Press,          1986

 

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Investigation of anti American terrorist

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Abstract

Investigation of anti American terrorist events would have been shocking if information had not been leaked out in to the government in preventing terrorism attacks. Every page of this book is packed with knowledge report that helps in reviewing international Terrorism. Stone &Miller takes the readers back in history for more that ten years to the time of the terrorist cell which later metastasized into New York operation. The book tends to give knowledge account of what it takes to be a police officer and president role in defending the country from attacks. It reviews Miller account in meeting with Osama bin laden which provides information to what led to the attacks and why the attack was unstoppable.

Review

It was in March 1989 when the State Department Officials told the secretary for States that Iraq was working on biological weapons and chemicals and by that time terrorist were operating out of Iraq. Within the same year, the Defense Intelligence gave the secret report to thirty eight administration officials of Bush warning on the procurement for Iraq operating all over the world that included United States. Within September 1989, Defense Department in the United States discovered that, an Iraq major company was funneling the country’s technology to Iraq’s weapons program. In contrary, the Bush administration permitted the company to operate even after the warning he was given. In spite of all the warning, Bush signed a “National Security Directive” giving Saddam more aid along with having a close relationship with Iraq. Thereafter the secretary of State “Baker” met the Iraq counterpart whereby he promised that President Bush would not tighten any restriction on exports of technology to Iraq. He gave this assurance despite of the warning he hade received previously that had warned him on some of the technologies that might be used by Iraq’s as weapons advance program (Stone, pp56).

During that period, international bankers had cut off all loans to Iraq partnering programs but later James Baker called Clayton the secretary for agriculture and took billions of dollars loan guarantees from department of agriculture to Iraq. Even though the State Department Officials were aware of the fact the Iraq was diverting some of the country’s technology to its nuclear weapons program, they decided not to tighten licenses for exports. President Bush overlooked on the new evidence on the fact that Iraq was stealing American nuclear technology along with its testing ballistic weapons (Stone, pp 50).

Bush Administration in the end ended up providing a loan guarantee to Saddam Hussein that was more than five billion dollars. By the end, it was evident that Saddam had received nuclear arms program and chemical weapons. These led to Iraq having more than million men in Iraq army. Members of Bush administration that were troubled on the fact that Shiite revolutionaries would go through Middle East could not imagine such incidence of terrorism would likely occur but little did the Saudis dream and Bush know they would be attacked by the people they gave help. Throughout eighties, the United States and Saudi relationship continued to flourish. It was not until when the country got billions of dollars of oil and Saudis were in a position to arm themselves with their weapon. More specifically, political legitimacy of the House of Saud was based to sect Sunni Islam religion. In justifying their attack in United States, both Iraq and instigators claimed that the crimes were committed by the Americans. They described the war attack as reprisal killing as a way of avenging so that Iraq could not partner with American.

The study of this book is well documented and fair. Historians, journalist, investigators along with academic institutions are aware that such information is not myth. As proven by the United State point of view, this book helps in analyzing what issues a country need to eliminate and identifies the group of people the governments need to eliminate in their transaction. The very existence on how American was warned on cooperating with Iraq due to the weapon programs they had, expose proper understanding on how the government should respond to such warnings. Therefore, the book is true on to how a nation and its members should handle deep History as a lesson in future. A Study has shown that, in the late 90s, Osama Bin Laden had declared war on American due to reasons of the country military presence on Saudi soil (Millier, pp35). Bin Laden was therefore presented as the major terrorist. In addition, the American had an enemy and from their view the suspect had motives, opportunities as well as means to penetrate in the nation. Finally, the information in this book is fair in that, the first bomb attack was presented the day after the information was received, that Bin Laden had planned attacks against United States.

Conclusion

Western Democracies are unable to meet their general approaches to deal with Terrorism. The United State has not been an exception in failing to protect themselves from terrorism attacks. The country has therefore failed to look at the events that lead to conflict and international Terrorism.

 

References

Millier J, Stone M, The Cell. Sage Publishers: VOL 352 pp30-185, 2008

 

 

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Interpersonal communication skills am strong in

            In essence, being confident in communicating is the interpersonal skill that I am strong in. In facts, this has enabled me to conduct effective communication in leadership. Overall, it is worth noting that, leadership requires an individual who is confident when communicating in the sense that, a confident communicator attracts many listeners through the way he or she communicates the message. By using this interpersonal communication, it has given me a chance of being the representative of all employees in our company. The manager has gained confidence over me to the extent of, entrusting me with the resposibilty of handling various conflict that occurs in employee to employee. Following this kind of responsibility, it has increased my confidence in communication thus, achieving better professional results ranked with company representative.

An example where I have used my interpersonal skill

            In reality, I have shown my confident ability in communication in many incidences. For instance, recently, there were various issues that emerged at work place, which involved employees demanding their rights to be ignored. With this in mind, I was required to have a meeting with employees as way of establishing how their rights were being ignored. Later, was supposed to present the facts to the management team through which was to give various incidences that there rights being ignored. In facts, the responsibility was so heavy on me that; was required to outline how employees rights were ignored in addition, was required to suggest the best way for their rights to be respected. While discussing my facts to the management team on how employees’ rights were ignored I represented facts confidently to the extent; I gave them a chance of asking questions over my speech. Surprisingly, the entire management team complimented me over my confidence in communicating and for that reason, the management promised to tackle the challenges that all employees we experiencing by that time. As a result, the company increased productivity in the sense that, as a result, of the management team ensuring employee rights are apprehended it increased employee satisfaction thus, increased work performance.

 

 

Interpersonal are to improve in future

            In the future, am willing to improve on listening skills in that, this will assist me to work effectively as an employee representative. Despite the fact I have been a good listener in the past; am working on improving the skill particularly when listening to their challenges without condemning them on what they address. It is with no doubt; this will enable to effectively solve conflicts that involve employee to employee. For instance, if employees are in conflict with each other over a petty issue I will attentively listen to both parties over their approach to the conflict without ignoring or sideling with one party. With this regard, improving on my listening skills will assist me to solve employee conflicts ‘in the most effective way.

Forms of listening to someone I care whom in the past hard time in communicating

            To be most effective when dealing with someone I care I use evaluative form of listening. Evaluative listening is the critical listening which is done to assess the truth of what the other person is communicating about. Typically, using evaluative listening skills assists me to weigh the pro and the cons of the conversation without necessary ignoring the facts that do not make sense logically. As a result, weighing the pros and the cons of the person communicating, assist me to be an attentive listener without imposing judgment to them. In conjunction with this, I use appreciative listening style, which assists to seek certain information to compliment as a way of, imposing an aspect of paying close attention in listening.

How effectively I manage my emotions

            In reality, emotions are real and for that reason they should be dealt with. For instance, in cases when am emotionally disturbed over a conflict with the opponent I effectively use various techniques to handle my emotions. First, I recognize my emotions with that of my opponent. After recognizing both feelings I determine the source of the feeling through acknowledging them and dealing with them directly. In cases when I feel offended by my opponent, I talk about my feelings without accusing anyone about them. I acknowledge my opponent feelings in active listening to show that I understand my opponent feelings. Finally, I apologies, which as a result, assist in being emotional fit.

Factors that influence how I manage my emotions

            First, I schedule positive activities into my day as a way of increasing my positive emotions, which include playing basketball. Secondly, I effectively manage my anger through establishing the source and dealing with it. Thirdly, I use writing to express my emotions being effective means of releasing hurts. In addition, managing anxiety through deep breathing, which as result, assist in managing emotions.

 

 

How I respond to interpersonal conflicts and to what degree I respond

            First, I recognize there a conflict that needs to be solved. Secondly, I invite the two parties to address the cause of the conflict through giving each individual a chance to express his or her deep hurt feelings. Thirdly, I recognize each party mistake and later I request the two parties to apologize to each other.

Themes that emerge from journal entries and what I have learnt 

            Examples of themes that emerge from the journal entries address on various forms of listening skills, conflict resolution and managing anger. It is with no doubt; the journal entries have helped improved my social skills in addition, effectively managing conflicts that emerge in daily basis. My experience in this course has been remarkable and would recommend many to study.

 

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Technology

Introduction

            The rate of change in technology has increased drastically. It has opened lines of communication that have allowed many businesses to be more effective in communication globally. In addition, technology has introduced various forms of communication, which have allowed many business people to communicate effectively within global marketplace. This paper discusses some of ways in which internet has changed how business operates within global market place.

Internet has made businesses to grow faster than before since it has revolutionized the way businesses operate globally. E-mail interaction has advanced to the point it has been on the phones thus making an individual to connect to the internet easily and communicate with different customers globally. As a result, it has increased interaction between business operators and the clients.

it has encouraged online buying where by an individual only require to give his or her addresses online to be delivered the goods he or she shop. Many have enjoyed online shopping making the global market to grow rapidly. Many have preferred online shopping because less time is needed to shop compared to the usual shopping that require a lot of time and transport                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    This has encouraged many to shop globally since the goods can be delivered via fax through air transport or ship, thus increasing sales opportunities. In addition to its impact on the growth of global market, online shopping has build trust and loyalty.  This is because, when customers get the goods they order on time without conning them, it successfully draws them to become frequent shoppers. As they become potential buyers, it tends to increase profit thus ensuring stability of the business internationally.

Internet has given businesses in the global market place new ways of marketing goods and services. Many businesses have collected data and other information about the company, giving consumers a chance to know about the company. Born in mind it is globally used by many people, its effectiveness cannot be ignored. By implementing marketing strategies through internet, it will secure a continuous growth of the market internationally along with creating new markets segments.

It enhances effective relationship outside the regional arena of the global market place. Internet is one of the tools used by many companies to remind customers on special sales and new stock. This in return creates potential customers all over the world since it will make clients to know what is available all the time.

It has generated new ideas for running businesses. Internet provides proper knowledge on how to run a business. With its nature of having, business people have gotten instant ideas on running businesses together with getting ideas on how to maintain stiff competition globally.

On the contrary, internet has had negative impacts on how the businesses operate within the global marketplace. One of the reasons is that it relates to lost productivity. This is because many workers spend substantial duration of time replying their personal e-mails, watching live sporting events in addition to web surfing. As a result, they end spending less time in performing their duties thus resulting to low productivity.

A lot of money is spent each year in ensuring security and confidentiality of online shopping to ensure safe transactions to clients. However, major security threats such as hackers, theft of master card data have led many customers to question the safety of online shopping. This has affected many businesses globally that highly operates on online programs.

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Internet Development

Introduction

            According to Whittaker (33), internet has revolutionized communication sector to the extent of serving billions of users globally. Internet is world-wide broadcasting that enhances partnership and interaction without geographic location concern. Currently, internet has developed having an influence throughout the society moving toward increasing the use of information acquisition. Whittaker argues that, internet started in the early 1960s. By then, there were mainframe computers with terminals, which later expanded to telecommunication and later to packet switching. Internet emerged from visionaries who saw great potential in creating an opportunity, where computer would share information on research in scientific as well as, military fields. In essence, internet was intended to provide a communication network. In 1970s, internet been mostly was used by scientists, computer experts, engineers and librarians. In those days, there was no office, home or personal computer, and one had to use a complex system. It became easier for non-technical people to use the internet when commands for telnet, FTP and e-mail were standardized. As a result, other sectors beside engineering, computer, libraries and physics departments communicated globally in addition, shared resources and files via the internet. With this and many more, this paper aims to examine Internet Development.

Research outline that, internet was brought to the existence in 1969 under the contract led by “Advanced Research Project Agency” (Smith 44) that connected a number of computers at universities. By then, computers were complex system, and for that reason, were sidelined for computer professional, scientists, librarian and engineer. It was not until 1972, when e-mail was adapted by Ray Tomlinson enabling the file transfers in the internet sites. As a result, internet became friendly to the users globally. In 1978, the Unix to Unix copy at Bell Labs was started and newsgroups followed providing means of exchanging information globally. With no doubt; it was a significant development of networks creating opportunities for people to exchange information globally. In 1981, there was the development of gateways developed that allowed e-mail exchange. The e-mail exchange of mails formed another progress in the network being a powerful element for community in communication. In 1986, there was a backbone from the National Science institution that sponsored for decades setting rules for the internet to be used for research use and commercial government.

As years went by, the commands for FTP, E-mail and telnet were standardized, which created an opportunity for non-technical people to use the internet effectively. Despites its standard not being like it is today; it encouraged universities students to use the internet to share files and resources. In this context, studies outline that, many people communicated effectively with their colleagues around the world via internet (Whittaker 30). By then, there were many challenges in a number of sites in that, internet sites were not many, and the more universities, libraries and organizations connected their internet, the internet became congested. Despite these challenges, it was easier to keep track of internet resources that were available.

In 1989, there was development created by Peter Deutch in Montreal at McGill University towards the archiever of Archie that created over six hundred databases globally. Archie interface was maintained for years that eventually provided information of Web-based catalogs. It was not until 1991, when a friendly internet was developed at Minnesota University. In essence, Minnesota University wanted to develop an easy menu system that would access information and files on universities through local networks. There was a significant development in 1989, in making internet easier to use through which Tim Berners and CERN proposed for protocol of information distribution that became popular globally. The new protocol was based on the hypertext that involved a system of embedding links to other texts. In 1993, Marc Andreessen gave the protocol a massive boost producing the most successful graphical and server.

Today, the internet has developed intensely, with a sudden increase in the optical fiber telecommunications. Experts argue that, the optical fiber was developed in late 1990s caused by high demand of internet connectivity (Smith 44). Since 1990, internet has grown at unprecedented rates. In facts, internet has enhanced communication despite demographic challenge. As a result, many businesses have flourished through internet creating a platform where business people advertise their goods and services. Subsequently, internet has enhanced strong social networking creating a platform for people to connect globally thus, exchanging information regardless of the demographic distance. The growth rate of the internet has been maintained to the extent; statistics has predicted an increased of 25% annually from 1992 (Smith 55). It has been expanded to the extent of serving millions of users in addition, serving multitude purposes globally. With no doubt; internet has been a powerful platform that has transformed the way people communicate and do business. Internet has advanced so much that, it is the universal information source for billions of people at work, home and school. The Internet has developed to the extent of having online chat. With this, users can chat with their friends at a cheaper price. As a result, online chatting has enhanced communication channel through creating a platform where users can communicate with consideration of saving time, effort and enhancing instance messaging.

With the internet, users can access latest news through browsing internet web sites without the need to listen to any media network. In addition, internet has developed in building a platform where students can study online without the need to go to schools. Typically, students have benefited in accessing information faster in that, the user can browse websites to gather information without the need to read books. In facts, internet has developed to the extent of offering commerce services like online shopping. Users can shop online through using credit card without having to go to the mail. When shopping online, one need just to wait for the items to be delivered on the doorstep thus, saving time that would have been used in going for shopping.

With the rapid growth of the internet, it has created job opportunities with many people making money online. These include freelance writing that has created job opportunities for professional writers that are trusted on helping students to pass their exams. Subsequently, internet has provided jobs for web designers who assist companies to make websites. With internet users increasing globally, the demand for having websites has increased creating opportunities for web designers.

The Internet has made drastic progress since1970s with everyone having access of internet. Fortunately, the internet has developed to the extent of being accessible to everyone for instance, via phone. As a result, one can serve while using a phone without the need of going to a cyber café. Technology has advanced making internet to peak, and anyone can serve at a cheaper price.

Retrieved from: http://www.internetworldstats.com/emarketing.htm

Internet has developed with the numbers of users increasing every year. The table above is an outline of how internet has developed with its users increasing drastically from 1995 to 2010.

            There are 50 million internet users worldwide daily. Survey done by experts indicates that, internet development has occurred where there is commercial push that is aided by public access availability (Whittaker 44). Most Asian countries use the internet for national development hence; there is a tendency for this fact outlying how internet has developed. With the size of the consumer market, the internet has been used as massive support for notable economic growth. In addition, the internet has outlined a drastic growth in Malaysia to the extent; most schools are equipped with internet. The internet has developed so much that, it has embraced as an effective tool to promote learning process. These facts outline how countries have recognized the important of internet by embracing it in all aspects.

 

 

Conclusion

In conclusion, internet has revolutionized communication sector to the extent of serving billions of users globally. Today, the internet has developed intensely, with a sudden increase in the optical fiber telecommunications. As discussed in the paper, Internet has made drastic progress since1970s with many people having access to the internet. The internet is growing in the number that uses the internet and functionality from routing programs to the browser application (Whittaker 66). As a result, it has enhanced effective communication, marketing strategies and social networking among others. With no doubt; internet development has developed so much that, many countries have recognized it as an effective tool in the learning process for instance, during research. Therefore, this paper has examined Internet Development.

Work cited

 Internet world Statistics. Internet growth statistics. Retrieved from:               http://www.internetworldstats.com/emarketing.htm, 2011.

Smith, Marcia. Internet: an overview of key technology policy issues affecting its use and             growth. New York: Nova Publishers, 2002. Print

Whittaker, Jason. The Internet: the basics. London: Routledge, 2002. Print

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International Tourism

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For many years, International tourism has been a major leisure activity in many countries. Tourism has been vital in many countries such as India, Australia, Egypt and Queensland among others. It has been known to generate many employment opportunities in addition, developing an understanding for different cultures in that all countries have diverse cultures. As a result, many emerging international opportunities have been targeted. Few years ago, India observed a major opportunity in tourism industry and travel which has made a significant position in international tourism industry.

Queensland Government argues that, travel industry is growing daily, contributing to a great growth of India economy. In addition, travel trade in India has ensured that, tourists participate fully in events related to travel and tourism. However, tourism associations and operators in India have experienced challenges while providing appropriate tourism experiences to meet the need of travel industry. In this reagrd, this paper is aimed at examining these problems and the impact they have on Indian tourism market.

Since 1990s, India market identified various strategic priorities for Tourism Queensland that were to pursue collaboration on regional tourism organizations, airline partners, wholesalers with other businesses. According to Bhatia (2006), the main aim was to discover the long-term strategic direction undertaken by other countries in tourism market and later introduce them to their market. It has been outlined as a vital tool for knowing the important skills required in a growing tourism market.

It is borne in mind that, when providing appropriate tourism experiences on the travel industry, it requires constant attention in order to meet the needs of tourists in addition, guiding them once they arrived. As a result, it builds a friendly environment for them to settle in the environment. It has been said that India has amazing places and attractive which therefore generates tourism potential. However, some reports indicates that, India receive less tourists compared to other countries (Tribe, 1999).   This is ironical in that, the country has attractive places which tourists and travelers can enjoy visiting. With this challenge, India tourism tends to lack some few basics required in tourism with other challenges linked within the country.

First, India has been known be among the hottest countries in the world.  The unfavorable weather highly affects tourists in that, many ends up not coping with the environment. As a result, many that visits for their first time ends up not visiting again. Studies have shown that, this has effect on the tourism industry and travel trade in large in that, they end up not getting the number of tourists that they may have targeted for that year (Bhatia, 2006).

Secondly, survey indicates that, lack of tourist friendly information in the tourist place has affected the Indian tourist industry (Tribe, 1999). Tribe argues that, the Indian tourist information centre has people that are not available for the tourists. A time they are busy doing their own things which as a result offends many tourists. A group of Queensland tourism as a result has challenged the Indian to be welcoming as Queensland. Indian visitors have ended up been attracted to Queensland environment together with its beach lifestyle. This has made the country to have more tourists compared to India. Concerning this, the country has become a threat in the Indian market in that, the number of tourist visiting Queensland has increased while the number in India decreasing

In addition, there has been an issue on tourist harassments. A report indicates that, tourists in India undergo harassments wherever they go therefore, no safer environment for them to enjoy the good industry (Bhatia, 2006).

Differences of Indian culture to other cultures greatly affect international tourism. For instance, India language, religion, food, music tends to differ from place to place within the country but having the same commonality. Study indicates that, India is the most religious nation in the world with most religious societies and culture ( Dienmann & Hannam, 2011). Religion plays a fundamental role in how they live with other people. In India, clothing is what defines an individual personal status. Suitable dressing include dhoti for men and draped garments for women. On the other hand, other cultures like Australian perceive things differently. Australian culture is mostly influenced by western culture. Visitors to India find it very challenging in adapting to its culture. Indians people mostly use Hindu language, which creates language barrier. As a result, many tourists end up preferring visiting other countries to India.

Global financial crisis is another issue affecting the growth of international tourism in India. According to Seth (2005), poverty is a major problem in India with its nation estimated to be the third in the world’s poor countries. Seth argues that, 41 % of the total Indian population lives below poverty. This greatly affects its tourism trade in that tourism requires finances to maintain it.  As a result, Issues regarding lack of promotion strategy and marketing for tourism occurs. Additionally, there is effective maintenance of heritages. These greatly affects the tourism field in that, despite of the attractive sites the country may be having, many may not be aware of them. In conjunction with this, poor maintenance of heritages has effect of lack of implementation in making the tourism sector to be productive.

For effective tourism industry, India tourism operators should come with ideas that provide appropriate tourism experiences as a way of ensuring the needs of the international market is met. First, the government should ensure that, tourists are welcomed and guided on where to go. Friendly environment should be emphasized in the tourist sites to ensure tourists safety. In addition, there should be group teaching the tourists on Indian culture and, they should be given time to adapt with their culture. Fans should be provided for, when the weather is extremely hot to make tourist staying easier. International language should be regarded when communicating with the tourists as a way of solving the challenge of language barrier. These implements will encourage many visitors to choose India for their next holidays.

In the Indian market, the main purpose of travel industry is to ensure that all visitors to India have what they required and meet all their needs.  Travel industry is highly recognized by Indian government in that; it has been outlined as the most attribute to the growth of the economy through its link with tourism industry. As a way of honoring the industry, each state of tourism consists of package tours to boost tourism sector. These recommendations would be successful in developing effective tourism field (Raina & Agarwal, 2004).

The business tourism market in India is growing rapidly. It is important noting that, irrespective of the challenges that India is experiencing in tourism sector, the country is willing to do what they can do in meeting their target market. The most Indian target market is the people that go for holiday retreats and consider additional opportunities in attracting high spending spenders.

Conclusion

  As discussed in this paper, international tourism is one of the recognized leisure activities. For many years, India has been known to have attractive sites, however, there has been a small number visiting the country. It is noted that, cultural differences, unfavorable climate and harassment have impact on tourists visiting. As discussed above, solutions for these problems should be looked at to make the tourism field effective.

References

Bhatia, K. A. (2006). International Tourism Management. New York: Sterling Publishers Pvt

Dienmann,A.& Hannam, K. (2011). Tourism and India: A Critical Introduction. New York:          Taylor & Francis Group

Queensland Government. Tourism Queensland India Market strategy. Retrived from:          https://mail.google.com/mail/h/1x8xaqbss6nax/?view=att&th=12f4320bebd0389e&attid=0.3&d   isp=vah&realattid=f_gmczko7c2&zw

Queensland Govewrnment. Our future in India Tourism Queensland India market strategy 2008-  2011. Retrived from:               https://mail.google.com/mail/h/1x8xaqbss6nax/?view=att&th=12f4320bebd0389e&attid=0.4&d     isp=vah&realattid=f_gmczkzhg3&zw

Raina,A.K.,& Agarwal, S. K. (2004). The essence of tourism development: dynamics,        philosophy, and strategies. London: Sarup & Sons

Seth, P. N. (2006). Successful Tourism: Volume I: Fundamentals of Tourism. New York:   Sterling Publishers Pvt

Seth, R. (2005). Tourism In India: An Overview (2 Vols.). Sydney: Gyan Publishing House

Tribe, J. (1999). The economics of leisure and tourism. Hong Kong: Elsevier

 

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Inter cultural communication

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Introduction

Basically, inter culture has been regarded as a form of global communication that is used in describing the wide range of communication problems that appear within different religious, ethnic along with educational background. In regard to this, it seeks to understand how people from various cultures and countries act. In addition, studies have shown that, it engrosses understanding different languages, cultures and traditions of people from other regions which play a major role in cultural studies. For this reason; it directs the process of exchanging meaningful information across cultural boundaries (Gudykunst, 2003). This paper aims at discussing some of the values beneath the norms of marriage in my culture (Saudi Arabia) and from other cultures.

 

For many years, marriage in my culture has been viewed as an important traditional event that is viewed as the beginning of new life for both man and woman. In history, marriage was between related kin that had to be arranged by parents and other relatives. Although these practices have changed, parents still arrange marriages within the same background. On my opinion, such model is useful in that, wrong choices of marriage are eliminated. Additionally, polygamy is highly regarded as long as wives are treated equally. However, studies have shown that, this has attributed to high divorce rates in men in that they have a chance of remarrying (Harman, 1992). This seem to align with Indian culture who in their culture prefer arranged marriages in that many tend to enjoy their youth life without struggles of relationship. In conjunction with this, the entire issue of arranging marriage is a fundamental arrangement in that parents view it as an aspect of expressing their love to their daughters.

Nevertheless, other cultures perceive marriage differently. For instance, the western culture generally believes that an individual requires a long courtship before marriage to know whether the other partner is compatible. Chapman (2003) argues that, the fundamental reason for courtship is to ensure that an individual does not end up marrying the wrong partner. In this culture polygamy is not allowed.

My encounters with different cultures have taught me that, many cultures value marriage. However, there differences on how different cultures view marriage. For instance, Indian parents find it wiser arranging marriages for their children. On the other hand, western culture views it differently. Many find it better to choose their partner through having quality time together. Secondly, differences on how many wives a man should have tend to differ. Indian culture and my culture support polygamy marriage while western culture regards having one wife. This knowledge has changed my aspect on marriage in that I have learnt that although my culture value arranged marriages other cultures do not. In addition, it has broadened my knowledge and understanding on how other people view marriages.

By interviewing other students from other cultures I have met my module aim of knowing some of the values and norms in my culture and others. As a result, I have preserved mutual respect for the shared beliefs and differences from different cultures.

 

Conclusion

As discussed in this paper, it fundamental for people to find out how different cultures view marriage particularly to those whom they propose to meet. It will minimize the risk of making simple mistakes which can be avoided if everyone understands the nature of marriage from different ethnic groups. This paper is therefore is important in knowing how various cultures view marriage.

 

References

Chapman, G.D. (2003). Covenant marriage: building communication & intimacy. New York: B&H               Publishing Group

Gudykunst,W.B(ed). (2003). Cross-cultural and intercultural communication. New York: Sage

Harman,W.P.(ed). (1992). The sacred marriage of a Hindu goddess. Chicago: Motilal Banarsidass               Publisher

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